Title 2022

Why Were James and John Called the “Sons of Thunder”?

In Mark 3:16–17, we read:

“These are the twelve he appointed: Simon (to whom he gave the name Peter), James son of Zebedee and his brother John (to them he gave the name Boanerges, which means ‘sons of thunder’).”
(Mark 3:16–17, NIV)

James and John, the sons of Zebedee, were given the nickname Boanerges, meaning Sons of Thunder, by Jesus Himself. This title reflected their intense zeal, boldness, and passionate nature — qualities that would eventually shape their role in advancing the Kingdom of God.

The Unique Relationship Between Jesus, James, and John

Out of all the disciples, only three were given new names by Jesus: Simon (Peter), James, and John. This act was highly significant, as in biblical tradition, renaming often indicated a transformation of identity and mission (e.g., Abram to Abraham, Jacob to Israel).

These three were also referred to as the “pillars” of the early Church:

“James, Cephas [Peter] and John, those esteemed as pillars, gave me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship…”
(Galatians 2:9, NIV)

They were part of Jesus’ inner circle and were privileged to witness key events such as the Transfiguration:

“After six days Jesus took with him Peter, James and John the brother of James, and led them up a high mountain by themselves.”
(Matthew 17:1, NIV)

Their closeness to Jesus reflected a deep spiritual bond and a readiness to endure whatever was required for His sake.

Their Zeal for the Kingdom

James and John’s passion for Jesus and His mission was evident. In Matthew 20:20–23, their mother, likely encouraged by them, made a bold request:

“Then the mother of Zebedee’s sons came to Jesus with her sons and, kneeling down, asked a favor of him.
‘What is it you want?’ he asked.
She said, ‘Grant that one of these two sons of mine may sit at your right and the other at your left in your kingdom.’
‘You don’t know what you are asking,’ Jesus said to them. ‘Can you drink the cup I am going to drink?’
‘We can,’ they answered.
Jesus said to them, ‘You will indeed drink from my cup, but to sit at my right or left is not for me to grant. These places belong to those for whom they have been prepared by my Father.'”
(Matthew 20:20–23, NIV)

Their desire to be close to Jesus in His Kingdom reflected their fervent commitment, although they misunderstood at that moment the suffering that would be involved.

Their Fiery Temperament

Their intense nature is further highlighted in an incident recorded in Luke 9:51–56:

“As the time approached for him to be taken up to heaven, Jesus resolutely set out for Jerusalem. And he sent messengers on ahead, who went into a Samaritan village to get things ready for him; but the people there did not welcome him, because he was heading for Jerusalem.
When the disciples James and John saw this, they asked, ‘Lord, do you want us to call fire down from heaven to destroy them?’
But Jesus turned and rebuked them.
Then he and his disciples went to another village.”
(Luke 9:51–56, NIV)

Their suggestion to call down fire from heaven parallels Elijah’s dramatic act against the enemies of God in 2 Kings 1:10. However, Jesus corrected them, emphasizing that His mission was not to destroy lives, but to save them (Luke 9:56).

This moment reveals the thunderous spirit within James and John: quick to defend God’s honor but still needing to grow in understanding mercy and grace.

The Symbolism of “Thunder”

Thunder often symbolizes the voice and judgment of God in Scripture. For instance:

  • Exodus 19:16 (NIV):

“On the morning of the third day there was thunder and lightning, with a thick cloud over the mountain, and a very loud trumpet blast. Everyone in the camp trembled.”

  • Psalm 29:3 (NIV):

“The voice of the Lord is over the waters; the God of glory thunders, the Lord thunders over the mighty waters.”

Just as thunder precedes divine action, James and John were destined to proclaim the power and authority of Christ after His ascension — not by physical violence, but through bold spiritual warfare, preaching, and leading the early Church in confronting the kingdom of darkness.

Their transformation from “sons of human anger” to “sons of divine power” shows the refining work of the Holy Spirit in believers’ lives.

Conclusion

Jesus saw beyond James and John’s impulsiveness. He saw their potential to boldly proclaim the Gospel and lead with power once their zeal was tempered by love and guided by the Holy Spirit. Their nickname, Sons of Thunder, was not a rebuke but a prophetic affirmation of the thunderous impact they would have on the world for the sake of Christ.

Maranatha — The Lord is coming!


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What’s the Difference Between Heaven, Paradise, Hades, Gehenna, and Hell?

Many people use these terms interchangeably, but biblically, each one refers to a specific concept or location related to life after death. Here’s a clear and scripturally backed explanation of each:


1. Heaven (The Third Heaven)

Definition: The eternal dwelling place of God, His angels, and ultimately, the redeemed. It is often referred to as the Third Heaven, the highest realm.

  • The Apostle Paul described being caught up to the third heaven, a realm of indescribable glory:

    “I know a man in Christ who fourteen years ago was caught up to the third heaven… and he heard things that cannot be told, which man may not utter.”
    2 Corinthians 12:2–4 (ESV)

  • It is where Jesus ascended to after His resurrection and where He prepares an eternal home for believers:

    “In my Father’s house are many rooms. If it were not so, would I have told you that I go to prepare a place for you?”
    John 14:2 (ESV)

  • God’s transcendence is affirmed in:

    “But will God indeed dwell with man on the earth? Behold, heaven and the highest heaven cannot contain you…”
    2 Chronicles 6:18 (ESV)

Summary: Heaven is the ultimate and eternal destination for those in Christ — a place of complete joy, peace, and the presence of God.


2. Paradise (Temporary Rest for the Righteous Dead)

Definition: Paradise refers to an intermediate, blissful state where the souls of believers go after death while awaiting the resurrection of their bodies and final entrance into Heaven.

  • Jesus told the repentant thief:

    “Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”
    Luke 23:43 (ESV)

  • This is understood as a spiritual realm of peace, also referred to as “Abraham’s bosom,” where the righteous like Lazarus were taken:

    “The poor man died and was carried by the angels to Abraham’s side.”
    Luke 16:22 (ESV)

  • Also echoed in Revelation where martyred souls are seen under the altar, resting and waiting:

    “I saw under the altar the souls of those who had been slain for the word of God… They were each given a white robe and told to rest a little longer…”
    Revelation 6:9–11 (ESV)

Summary: Paradise is not the final Heaven but a waiting place for believers who have died. It is peaceful and secure  a foretaste of what is to come.


3. Hades (Greek: ᾅδης / Hebrew: Sheol)

Definition: Hades refers to the temporary abode of the dead  both righteous and unrighteous  before Christ’s resurrection. Post-resurrection, it is associated more with the waiting place of the wicked.

  • In the Old Testament, “Sheol” is often used to describe the grave or realm of the dead:

    “Oh that you would hide me in Sheol, that you would conceal me until your wrath be past…”
    Job 14:13 (ESV)

  • David spoke prophetically of Christ, saying:

    “For you will not abandon my soul to Sheol, or let your holy one see corruption.”
    Psalm 16:10 (ESV)

  • After Christ’s resurrection, believers are no longer bound to Hades but go to Paradise, while Hades now holds the unsaved dead:

    “And the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised…”
    Matthew 27:52 (NKJV)

Summary: Hades is the realm of the dead, often now referring to the waiting place of the unsaved dead, who await final judgment.


4. Gehenna (Hell of Fire)

Definition: Gehenna refers to a place of fiery torment, used by Jesus to describe the fate of the wicked. It represents divine judgment and is not temporary — it leads into the Lake of Fire.

  • Gehenna was a real valley outside Jerusalem (Valley of Hinnom), used as a burning trash dump, which became a symbol of divine judgment.

  • Jesus warned of it:

    “And if your foot causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life lame than with two feet to be thrown into hell [Gehenna].”
    Mark 9:45 (ESV)

  • Jesus described it as a place:

    “Where their worm does not die and the fire is not quenched.”
    Mark 9:48 (ESV)

  • After final judgment, Gehenna leads to the Lake of Fire:

    “Then Death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. This is the second death…”
    Revelation 20:14 (ESV)

Summary: Gehenna is a place of conscious torment for the wicked — a prelude to the final Lake of Fire. It is permanent and irreversible.


5. The Lake of Fire (The Second Death)

Definition: The final and eternal punishment for Satan, demons, and all who are not in the Book of Life.

  • The final judgment of the wicked occurs at the Great White Throne:

    “If anyone’s name was not found written in the book of life, he was thrown into the lake of fire.”
    Revelation 20:15 (ESV)

Summary: This is the ultimate destination for those who reject Christ. It follows Gehenna and is final  an eternal separation from God.


Where Will You Spend Eternity?

This is not just a theological discussion — it’s a personal and urgent matter. Jesus Christ offers salvation and eternal life to all who believe in Him.

“Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life; whoever does not obey the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God remains on him.”
John 3:36 (ESV)

“The wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.”
Romans 6:23 (ESV)

If you’ve never surrendered your life to Christ, now is the time. Eternal destinies are real  and permanent.


What Should You Do?

  • Repent: Turn away from sin (Acts 3:19).

  • Believe: Trust in Jesus’ death and resurrection (Romans 10:9).

  • Follow Him: Live a life led by the Spirit, grounded in the Word (Galatians 5:25).


May God give us wisdom and grace to understand and respond to these truths.
Please share this message with others.

Shalom.


 

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Which Country Is Babylon Today?

The region where the ancient city of Babylon once stood is in present-day Iraq. This city was once world-famous for its “Hanging Gardens,” but today it no longer exists its wonders have completely vanished!

Why? Because Babylon was a wicked city, full of sin, and God judged it. The place where it once stood is now nothing but desolate ruins, exactly as God had foretold through prophecy.

Isaiah 13:19–22

“And Babylon, the glory of kingdoms, the beauty of the Chaldees’ pride, shall be as when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah.

It shall never be inhabited, neither shall it be dwelt in from generation to generation: neither shall the Arabian pitch tent there; neither shall the shepherds make their fold there.

But wild beasts of the desert shall lie there; and their houses shall be full of doleful creatures; and owls shall dwell there, and satyrs shall dance there.

And the wild beasts of the islands shall cry in their desolate houses, and dragons in their pleasant palaces: and her time is near to come, and her days shall not be prolonged.”

So today, nothing remains! It is only preserved as an ancient archaeological site.

Remember: Satan first raised up the original Babylon, which God destroyed by confusing the language of its builders bringing their great project to an end (Genesis 11). But Satan did not give up. He later raised another Babylon, which was eventually conquered and reduced to ruins by the Medes and the Persians.

Now, in these last days, Satan has raised yet another Babylon this time a spiritual Babylon. And this one is far worse than the first two. It is the very center of abominations and corruption in the world, just as foretold in Revelation 17.

For more on this present-day spiritual Babylon, see here: SPIRITUAL BABYLON.

Maranatha!

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What Name Did John the Baptist Use to Baptize People?

We read in Acts 2:38 that people were baptized in the name of Jesus. But the Bible does not specify what name John the Baptist used when he baptized the Lord Jesus or those who came to him for baptism.

Answer: John the Baptist did not use any specific name in baptism. His baptism was a baptism of repentance, where, after people heard his preaching and repented, he immersed them in water as a symbol of washing away their sins. (No particular name was involved.)

However, after the Lord Jesus came, Scripture tells us that everything we do is done in His name (the name of Jesus).

Colossians 3:17

“And whatever you do, whether in word or deed, do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through him.”

Do you see that? It says everything done in “word” or “deed.”

Examples of things done in word include prayer, casting out demons, blessing, singing, prophesying, etc. All of these are done in the name of Jesus. That is why today, the Spirit works through the name of Jesus, and when we pray, we do so in His name. In the past, there was no concept that a spirit could work through someone simply by invoking a person’s name. But now it is possible through one Person, the Lord Jesus  in His name, we do all things!

But it is not only that  Scripture also says that everything done in deed must be in His name. One clear example of a deed is baptism. We are immersed in water in the name of Jesus. John did not use the name of Jesus, which is why his baptism ceased to be valid, but baptism in the name of Jesus has always endured — and it is what removes sin!

Acts 19:1–6

“While Apollos was at Corinth, Paul took the road through the interior and arrived at Ephesus. There he found some disciples and asked them, ‘Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?’

They answered, ‘No, we have not even heard that there is a Holy Spirit.’

So Paul asked, ‘Then what baptism did you receive?’

‘John’s baptism,’ they replied.

Paul said, ‘John’s baptism was a baptism of repentance. He told the people to believe in the one coming after him, that is, in Jesus.’

On hearing this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. When Paul placed his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came on them, and they spoke in tongues and prophesied.”

Do you see? Those people corrected their baptism  they were baptized again, in the name of the Lord Jesus.

Even today, we must be baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus to receive the forgiveness of sins.

Acts 2:37–38

“When the people heard this, they were cut to the heart and said to Peter and the other apostles, ‘Brothers, what shall we do?’

Peter replied, ‘Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.’”

Baptism is a very important and foundational pillar in Christianity. Everyone who believes in Jesus must be baptized.

Remember: the main purpose of baptism is not to receive a new name. The purpose of baptism is to be buried with your old self and raised to new life.

The question is: Have you been properly baptized  immersed in water in the name of the Lord Jesus? If not, what are you waiting for? Take the step and be baptized to receive full righteousness!

Also remember: baptism is not sprinkling or pouring, but full immersion in water, symbolizing a living, vital rebirth.

If you were baptized as a child, you should be baptized again now, after coming to understanding  because at that time, you were not truly saved or repentant, but now you are aware and ready.

Maranatha!

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Where Is Damascus Today?

Damascus is the city where the Apostle Paul encountered the Lord Jesus while on his way to persecute Christians living there (Acts 9:2–7).

That city of Damascus still exists today! It is one of the few ancient cities whose name has never changed just like Jerusalem and Bethlehem.

In modern times, Damascus is located in the country of Syria. However, the culture of its present-day inhabitants is very different from that of the ancient people who once lived there. The city remains, along with its people, but its customs are no longer the same as in biblical times.

The prophet Isaiah received a revelation about the future destruction of Damascus in the last days:

Isaiah 17:1–3

A prophecy against Damascus:

“See, Damascus will no longer be a city

but will become a heap of ruins.

The cities of Aroer will be deserted

and left to flocks, which will lie down,

with no one to make them afraid.

The fortified city will disappear from Ephraim,

and royal power from Damascus;

the remnant of Aram will be

like the glory of the Israelites,”

declares the Lord Almighty.

In addition, the great war described in Ezekiel 38, which will take place between Israel and the surrounding nations led by Gog, will bring about the complete destruction of Damascus.

Today, Damascus stands in opposition to Jerusalem, the holy city of the Almighty God, and to the inheritance of Israel. Because of this rebellion and hostility toward God’s people, the city will be wiped out along with certain other cities—according to biblical prophecy.

Jeremiah 49:23–27

Concerning Damascus:

“Hamath and Arpad are dismayed,

for they have heard bad news.

They are disheartened,

troubled like the restless sea.

Damascus has become feeble,

she has turned to flee

and panic has gripped her;

anguish and pain have seized her,

pain like that of a woman in labor.

Why has the city of renown not been abandoned,

the town in which I delight?

Surely, her young men will fall in the streets;

all her soldiers will be silenced in that day,”

declares the Lord Almighty.

“I will set fire to the walls of Damascus;

it will consume the fortresses of Ben-Hadad.”

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What City Is Tarshish Today?

Tarshish was a city located in what is now known as Lebanon. In ancient times, the nation of Lebanon was renowned for producing cedar wood (to understand more about cedar trees, see: CEDAR).

The capital city of ancient Lebanon was Tarshish. It was the leading commercial center of its time a hub for merchants and international trade. This is why the prophet Jonah fled toward Tarshish; it was a prosperous city full of opportunities.

(For a deeper spiritual meaning of the city of Tarshish and its trade, see: Tarshish).

The origin of the city of Tarshish can be traced back to Tarshish, the son of Javan, who was himself a descendant of Japheth, one of Noah’s sons.

Genesis 10:1–4

This is the account of Noah’s sons Shem, Ham and Japheth, who themselves had sons after the flood.

The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshek and Tiras.

The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath and Togarmah.

The sons of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittites and the Rodanites.

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What Country Is Nineveh Today?

Where was Nineveh located?

Nineveh was a city situated in the northern region of modern-day Iraq. Although the city itself no longer exists, the location where it once stood still remains identifiable today. Nineveh was the capital city of the ancient Assyrian Empire.

(To learn more about the nation of Assyria, see here → ASSYRIA.)

Nineveh is also the city to which the prophet Jonah was sent by God to preach repentance so that its people might turn from their evil ways. However, Jonah disobeyed and fled toward Tarshish instead.

(To find out where Tarshish is today, see here → TARSHISH.)

Though Nineveh wasn’t a very large city in terms of population, it was highly advanced for its time. When Jonah was sent to preach there, the Bible records that it had around 120,000 inhabitants.

Jonah 4:10–11

But the Lord said, “You have been concerned about this plant, though you did not tend it or make it grow. It sprang up overnight and died overnight.

And should I not have concern for the great city of Nineveh, in which there are more than a hundred and twenty thousand people who cannot tell their right hand from their left and also many animals?”

Although God had intended to destroy the city because of its wickedness, the people of Nineveh repented after hearing Jonah’s message.

Later, the Lord Jesus referred to this same event as a warning to the people of the last days:

Matthew 12:41

“The people of Nineveh will stand up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it; for they repented at the preaching of Jonah, and now something greater than Jonah is here.”

In the same way, we too must repent at the preaching of the Lord Jesus, so that we do not fall under judgment on the final day.

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Which Country Is Assyria Today?

Where was Assyria?

Assyria was an ancient nation located in the regions of modern-day Iraq, Turkey, and Syria. These three present nations each occupy part of what was once the Assyrian Empire much like Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania all share portions of Lake Victoria.

Today, however, there is no nation called Assyria. After those modern nations emerged, the Assyrian state itself ceased to exist.

The capital city of Assyria was Nineveh


the very city to which the prophet Jonah was commanded to go and preach. Instead, Jonah tried to flee to Tarshish. (For more on the location of Nineveh, see here: Nineveh. For more about Tarshish, see here: Tarshish.)

According to the Bible, the origin of Assyria can be traced back to Nimrod.

Genesis 10:8–12

“And Cush begat Nimrod: he began to be a mighty one in the earth.

He was a mighty hunter before the Lord: wherefore it is said, Even as Nimrod the mighty hunter before the Lord.

And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.

Out of that land went forth Asshur, and builded Nineveh, and the city Rehoboth, and Calah,

And Resen between Nineveh and Calah: the same is a great city.”

It was the Assyrians who later conquered Israel and carried them away into captivity. But in time, by the decree of Cyrus the Persian, the Israelites were allowed to return to their homeland.

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Will Those Who Crucified the Lord Go to Heaven Because They Were Forgiven?

The Lord Jesus said, “Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing” (Luke 23:34, NIV).
Does this mean that everyone who took part in crucifying Him was forgiven of all their sins—to the point that if they had died at that moment, they would have gone to heaven?

Answer:
The sin that was forgiven was specifically the sin of crucifying the Lord. The Lord Jesus forgave them from His heart, and therefore the Father also forgave them.
However, being forgiven for that one act does not mean they were forgiven for all their other sins. It does not mean they were forgiven for murders committed earlier, insults spoken the day before, killings carried out the previous week, or theft committed months earlier.

No!
They were forgiven only for that one sin—the sin of crucifying the Lord Jesus.

It is like when you forgive someone today who cheated you yesterday and decide not to report them to the police. That does not mean they have been forgiven for all the fraud they committed against other people. You may truly forgive them, and God may forgive them as well—but the guilt of the wrongs they committed against others remains until they repent.

In the same way, those who crucified the Lord were forgiven only for that one sin. For the rest of their sins, they still needed to repent—to confess all their sins in order to be saved.

Moreover, if they died without believing in Jesus, they would still be judged for their sins, even though they had been forgiven for crucifying Him.

As Scripture says:

“Whoever believes in him is not condemned, but whoever does not believe stands condemned already because they have not believed in the name of God’s one and only Son.
This is the verdict: Light has come into the world, but people loved darkness instead of light because their deeds were evil.”

—John 3:18–19 (NIV)

Therefore, although God may have intended to punish them for crucifying the Lord and then withdrew that punishment because of Jesus’ prayer, His wrath for their other sins remained. Most importantly, the wrath that comes from not believing in the Lord was still not removed. That wrath is taken away only when a person surrenders their life to Jesus.

This teaches us that we must confess all our sins before the Lord.

“If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just and will forgive us our sins and purify us from all unrighteousness.”
—1 John 1:9 (NIV)

Maranatha!

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WE WEREN’T GIVEN WINGS TO ESCAPE LIFE’S TROUBLES


It’s part of the human condition when life gets overwhelming, we often long for an escape. In moments of suffering or stress, many of us imagine how peaceful life would be if we could just fly away, free from burdens and responsibilities. We fantasize about becoming something other than human perhaps a bird, soaring above it all and finding rest in a place far away from people and pain.

This very sentiment was echoed by David during one of the darkest seasons of his life. While fleeing for his life from King Saul, hiding in caves and wilderness, David poured out his heart to God with raw emotion:

Psalm 55:5–8 (ESV):

“Fear and trembling come upon me, and horror overwhelms me.
And I say, ‘Oh, that I had wings like a dove!
I would fly away and be at rest;
yes, I would wander far away;
I would lodge in the wilderness;
I would hurry to find a shelter from the raging wind and tempest.’”

David didn’t want to face the chaos around him. He longed to escape. Yet God didn’t grant him wings and He hasn’t given them to us either.

Why? Because we were not created to run from life’s trials. From Genesis to Revelation, the Bible teaches that God’s people are called not to escape the world, but to endure in it. Sanctification doesn’t come from isolation it comes from faithfully walking with God in the midst of suffering, opposition, and tension.

Jesus Himself affirmed this in His prayer to the Father shortly before His crucifixion. Speaking of His disciples, He said:

John 17:15 (ESV):

“I do not ask that you take them out of the world, but that you keep them from the evil one.”

Christ doesn’t pray for our removal from difficulty, but for our protection through it. That’s the gospel pattern: God doesn’t always calm the storm, but He walks with us in it.

Sometimes, God even uses the very people who oppose us to accomplish His purposes. He provides for us right in the presence of those who dislike us not to humiliate them, but to display His faithfulness to His children.

Psalm 23:5 (ESV):

“You prepare a table before me in the presence of my enemies;
you anoint my head with oil; my cup overflows.”

This is divine sovereignty at work. God doesn’t remove every thorn from our side, but He transforms hardship into holy ground. He builds our character through trials (Romans 5:3–4), teaches us to rely on His strength (2 Corinthians 12:9), and draws us closer to Him through suffering (Philippians 3:10).

So, fellow believer, stop hoping for total separation from life’s challenges or painful people. That’s not the life we’ve been called to. We haven’t been promised a life of peace through escape, but peace in Christ who is with us in the midst of it all.

Remember: God has not given us wings like doves to flee from our troubles. Instead, He has given us His Spirit to stand strong in them.

Shalom.


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