Jesus Taught in Parables: What Do They Really Mean?

In Matthew 13:34

Jesus spoke all these things to the crowd in parables; he did not say anything to them without using a parable.”

Matthew 13:35 goes on to say, *”

So was fulfilled what was spoken through the prophet: ‘I will open my mouth in parables, I will utter things hidden since the creation of the world.'”

Jesus frequently taught using parables. But what exactly is the significance of these parables, and why did He use them? A parable is a simple story used to illustrate a deeper spiritual truth. Theologically, parables serve to make the mysteries of the Kingdom of God more accessible to those willing to learn, while also concealing these truths from those who are unwilling to seek them (Matthew 13:11).

Jesus used parables to describe the Kingdom of God, the heart of His message. Most of His teachings were communicated through parables, showing their central role in His ministry. They are not just stories but vehicles for profound theological teaching that unveils divine truth in layers.

Parables as Revelations of the Kingdom of God

Parables reveal the nature of God’s Kingdom. In Matthew 13:24-30, Jesus tells the parable of the wheat and the weeds, illustrating the coexistence of good and evil in this world until the final judgment. This parable emphasizes that God’s judgment will come at the end of time, separating the righteous from the wicked. Jesus also explains in Matthew 13:31-32, using the parable of the mustard seed, that the Kingdom of God starts small but grows into something expansive and mighty, much like a mustard seed grows into a large tree.

In Matthew 13:34-35,it’s made clear that Jesus spoke in parables to fulfill the prophecy of

Psalm 78:2:

“I will open my mouth in parables, I will utter things hidden since the creation of the world

.” This verse speaks to how Jesus’ parables were not merely creative storytelling but were divine revelations that pointed to mysteries hidden throughout history—truths about God’s Kingdom that were revealed only through Jesus, the fulfillment of the Law and the Prophets (Matthew 5:17).

Parables as Spiritual Testing

In Matthew 13:10-17, the disciples asked Jesus why He spoke to the crowds in parables. He responded that He used parables both to reveal and to conceal. To those whose hearts were open and seeking, the parables clarified the truths of the Kingdom of God. But for those who were hardened, like the religious leaders (Pharisees, Sadducees) and those with hardened hearts, the parables concealed deeper truths from them.

Jesus quoted Isaiah 6:9-10, saying,

“You will be ever hearing but never understanding; you will be ever seeing but never perceiving.”

This refers to how the Gospel of Jesus, although plainly offered, would be rejected by many. Theologically, this demonstrates the concept of divine revelation, where spiritual truths are made clear only to those whom God has chosen to reveal them (Matthew 11:25-27). It reflects God’s sovereignty in revealing His will.

Example of the Parable of Unforgiveness

Consider the Parable of the Unforgiving Servant in Matthew 18:21-35. Jesus uses the story of a servant who owes his master a massive debt (10,000 talents) and is forgiven by the master, but refuses to forgive a fellow servant who owes him a small amount (100 denarii). This parable highlights the divine principle of forgiveness. Theologically, it shows that God forgives the immense debt of sin that we owe to Him (Matthew 6:12, Luke 7:47), and as recipients of this grace, we are expected to forgive others (Ephesians 4:32, Colossians 3:13). The unforgiving servant’s fate serves as a stark warning: those who do not forgive will face judgment (Matthew 18:35).

Parables and the Hidden Mysteries of the Kingdom

The parables Jesus told were not simply moral lessons; they were revelations of God’s mysterious plan of salvation. For example, in the parable of the sower (Matthew 13:1-9), Jesus illustrates how the message of the Gospel is received differently by various people. Some hear the Word but reject it immediately (the hard ground), some receive it with joy but fall away in times of trouble (the rocky ground), and some are distracted by worldly cares and wealth (the thorny ground). Only those who hear the Word, understand it, and bear fruit are likened to good soil. This teaches the theological principle of the different responses to God’s Word and the necessity of true discipleship.

The Purpose of Parables: Revealing and Concealing Truth

Jesus used parables for two main purposes:

1. To Reveal Truth: Parables reveal deep spiritual truths about God’s Kingdom to those with a heart to understand. To those who were open, the parables provided clear insights into God’s will. For example, the Parable of the Lost Sheep (Luke 15:3-7) demonstrates God’s love for the lost and His desire to seek and save sinners, illustrating the heart of God’s mission through Jesus.

2. To Conceal Truth from the Hardened Heart: To those whose hearts were closed, such as the religious leaders who rejected Jesus, parables served as a form of judgment. They concealed truths because the listeners’ hearts were not open to God’s revelation.

As Matthew 13:12 states,

“Whoever has will be given more, and they will have an abundance. Whoever does not have, even what they have will be taken from them.”

This speaks to the idea that those who are open to God’s teachings will receive more, but those who reject Him will find themselves further alienated.

The Parable Method Continues Today

Even today, Jesus continues to teach through His Holy Spirit, and He still uses parables to reveal God’s will to those who are truly seeking Him. If a person has a genuine desire to know God, He will teach them through both the written Word and real-life examples, helping them understand His will more clearly. However, if a person is not open to hearing the truth, they will remain in darkness, unable to grasp the deeper meaning of the Scriptures. Jesus’ teachings are not for intellectual curiosity but for those who seek spiritual understanding and relationship with God (John 14:6, John 16:13).

Conclusion

Parables are a divine method of teaching that simultaneously reveal and conceal the mysteries of the Kingdom of God. They help us understand spiritual truths through simple stories while also challenging us to examine our hearts. As believers, we must approach the teachings of Jesus with a humble, seeking heart, ready to understand His truth. If we do, we will receive the full revelation of God’s will, leading us into a deeper relationship with Him.

Let us pray for a sincere desire to know God, as He reveals Himself only to those who seek Him in truth. The Bible is not meant to be understood by everyone, but by those who earnestly seek God, the “poor in spirit” (Matthew 5:3).

Shalom.