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Where did the light come from before the sun was created?

QUESTION: On the first day, God created light, but where did it come from when we know that the sun, which is the source of light, wasn’t created until the fourth day? (Genesis 1:14-19)

Genesis 1:3-5 (NIV)

[3] And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. [4] God saw that the light was good, and He separated the light from the darkness. [5] God called the light “Day,” and the darkness He called “Night.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the first day.

Theological Reflection:

In the opening chapter of Genesis, we see God creating the heavens and the earth and bringing order to the chaos. The first act of creation is the command for light to exist. This is significant because light symbolizes more than just physical illumination—it represents the presence and holiness of God. When God says, “Let there be light,” He is declaring the arrival of order in the cosmos, as well as the manifestation of His own divine nature.

In the ancient world, darkness often symbolized chaos, evil, and death. The act of separating light from darkness is an image of God bringing His righteous order to a disordered world. 1 John 1:5 (NIV) says, “God is light; in Him there is no darkness at all.” This not only refers to God’s nature but also to His truth and purity. From the very beginning, light represents the revelation of God to the world.

ANSWER: God, being sovereign and transcendent, does not depend on created sources like the sun for His power. Unlike humans, who need material causes to create things, God is self-sufficient and can create without any external help. This is a key distinction. When God creates light, it is not necessarily a physical light in the same sense we understand it, but a divine light that precedes the creation of the sun, moon, and stars. Psalm 104:2 (NIV) describes God as “the one who wraps Himself in light as with a garment.”

God, in His omnipotence, is able to illuminate the universe with His presence even before the sun was created. This is not surprising when we understand that God exists outside of time and space. In fact, the entire universe, including light itself, was made by Him. John 1:3-4 (NIV) affirms this idea: “Through Him all things were made; without Him nothing was made that has been made. In Him was life, and that life was the light of all mankind.”

The light here in Genesis also has a deeper theological significance—it points to Christ. The Gospel of John explicitly connects Jesus to the light that was present at the creation of the world. In John 8:12, Jesus declares, “I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness, but will have the light of life.” The light created in Genesis is a foreshadowing of Jesus, the eternal Word, who is the true Light that came into the world to bring spiritual illumination.

The creation of light on the first day, before the sun was created on the fourth day, symbolizes the preeminence of Christ as the source of all life and light. Colossians 1:16-17 (NIV) says, “For in Him all things were created: things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible… all things have been created through Him and for Him. He is before all things, and in Him all things hold together.”

The Role of the Sun, Moon, and Stars:

It’s important to note that although God created light on the first day, He later created the sun, moon, and stars on the fourth day (Genesis 1:14-19). These celestial bodies serve a different purpose: they mark times, seasons, days, and years, providing structure to the physical world. The light on the first day, however, was not dependent on these created sources but was a direct manifestation of God’s power and presence.

Genesis 1:14-19 (NIV)

[14] And God said, “Let there be lights in the vault of the sky to separate the day from the night, and let them serve as signs to mark sacred times, and days and years, [15] and let them be lights in the vault of the sky to give light on the earth.” And it was so. [16] God made two great lights—the greater light to govern the day and the lesser light to govern the night. He also made the stars. [17] God set them in the vault of the sky to give light on the earth, [18] to govern the day and the night, and to separate light from darkness. And God saw that it was good. [19] And there was evening, and there was morning—the fourth day.

Christ: The True Light of the World

The connection between light and Christ is clear throughout Scripture. In John 1:9, it says, “The true light that gives light to everyone was coming into the world.” Jesus is the light that not only illuminates the world but also guides humanity spiritually. In Matthew 5:14-16, Jesus calls His followers the “light of the world,” indicating that, through Him, believers are also meant to reflect God’s light into a dark world.

Theologically, the light that was created on the first day represents the eternal light of Christ, who is the “Word” through whom all things were made. Revelation 21:23 (NIV) speaks of the eternal kingdom of God, saying, “The city does not need the sun or the moon to shine on it, for the glory of God gives it light, and the Lamb is its lamp.” This speaks of the ultimate fulfillment of the light that began at creation—the fullness of God’s presence in Christ.

Has Christ Shone Inside You?

Without Christ, there is no true life. The Bible teaches that only in Christ can we find true spiritual light and life. Jesus offers a way to be reconciled with God, as John 8:12 (NIV) affirms: “Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness, but will have the light of life.” Through repentance and faith in Jesus, we receive forgiveness and are spiritually reborn. This is why it’s crucial to turn to Christ for salvation.

If you’re ready to receive Christ, the true Light, into your life and be transformed, I encourage you to pray this prayer of repentance:

Prayer of Repentance:

Heavenly Father, I acknowledge my sin and my need for Your forgiveness. I believe that Jesus Christ is the Light of the world, and through His death and resurrection, He offers me eternal life. I ask You to forgive me, cleanse me, and fill me with Your Holy Spirit. I accept Jesus as my Savior and Lord. Thank You for making me a new creation. In Jesus’ name, Amen.

May the Lord bless you richly, and may His light shine upon you.

 

 

 

 

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What Does “A Cup of Cold Water” Mean? (Matthew 10:42)

Matthew 10:42 

“And whoever gives one of these little ones only a cup of cold water in the name of a disciple, assuredly, I say to you, he shall by no means lose his reward.”

Understanding the Context

In this verse, Jesus is teaching His disciples about hospitality and care within the Kingdom of God. He had just finished sending them out to preach (Matthew 10:5–42), and He encouraged those who would receive and support them—no matter how small the gesture—with the assurance of a reward from God.

Why a “Cup of Cold Water”?

Jesus intentionally uses something as basic as a cup of cold water to show that even the smallest act of kindness done in His name is significant. In ancient Israel, and even today, cold water is deeply refreshing, especially in hot climates. After hard physical work, like farming or traveling under the sun, cold water becomes more than just a drink—it brings relief and restoration.

By mentioning “cold water” rather than just “water,” Jesus emphasizes thoughtful care—not just giving, but giving with genuine love and consideration.

Theological Insight

  1. God Honors Even Small Acts When Done in Love and Faith
    • This verse aligns with the principle found in 1 Samuel 16:7 
      “For the Lord does not see as man sees; for man looks at the outward appearance, but the Lord looks at the heart.”
      What matters most to God is not the size of the gift, but the heart behind it.
  2. Serving God Includes Supporting His People
    • In Hebrews 6:10  it says:
      “For God is not unjust to forget your work and labor of love which you have shown toward His name, in that you have ministered to the saints, and do minister.”
      Supporting a disciple, even with something small, is counted as service to God Himself.
  3. Hospitality Is a Kingdom Principle
    • Romans 12:13 says: “…given to hospitality.”
      As believers, we are called to be generous and welcoming—especially toward those who labor in ministry.

What Does This Look Like Today?

Jesus’ words apply in practical ways:

1. Food and Drink

If you see a preacher, evangelist, or any servant of God ministering—maybe outdoors, in a rural area, or at a busy event—and you give them a bottle of water or a meal, you’re offering them a “cup of cold water.” You refresh them physically and spiritually. This simple act is not overlooked by God.

2. Financial Help

Even a small financial contribution—perhaps to help with transportation, communication, or daily needs—can be meaningful. According to Jesus, your reward is secure, even if the amount seems small in your eyes.

3. Giving Material Items or Time

You might not have money or food, but you could offer something else—like clothing, a pair of shoes, or even help with something practical (e.g., fixing something, offering a ride, or lending a phone). If it’s done from the heart, in honor of someone serving Christ, it is counted in heaven as a “cup of cold water.”

Small Acts Matter in the Kingdom

Jesus teaches that the Kingdom of God doesn’t only recognize big sacrifices—even the smallest service done in His name carries eternal value. He reassures us that when we honor and support those who represent Him—His “little ones,” His disciples—we’re actually honoring Him, and we will receive a reward.

So, don’t underestimate simple kindness, especially when done toward those who serve God.

Galatians 6:10 “Therefore, as we have opportunity, let us do good to all, especially to those who are of the household of faith.”

May the Lord bless and reward you for every cup of cold water you offer in His name.

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Understanding the Meaning of Ecclesiastes 10:9

Whoever quarrels stones may be injured by them, and whoever splits logs is exposed to danger.

(Ecclesiastes 10:9, ESV)

Question:

What is the deeper meaning of Ecclesiastes 10:9, which says, “Whoever quarrels stones may be injured by them; whoever splits logs is exposed to danger”?

Answer:

This verse poetically illustrates a profound spiritual truth: all labor—even righteous work—carries inherent risks and challenges. The author of Ecclesiastes uses practical, everyday examples of laborers who face physical dangers to reveal a broader principle about the human condition and service in God’s kingdom.

The Stonecutter and the Log Splitter: A Picture of Risk in God’s Work

In ancient times, builders who quarried stones for construction were exposed to many physical dangers: falling rocks could cause injury or death, tools could malfunction, and the work itself was strenuous and hazardous. Similarly, those who split logs for timber were at risk of falling trees or slipping branches that could cause serious harm.

This practical imagery reminds us of the biblical reality that following God or serving Him is not without sacrifice or risk. In the New Testament, Jesus warns His disciples about the cost of discipleship:

Do not think that I have come to bring peace to the earth. I have not come to bring peace, but a sword. For I have come to set a man against his father, and a daughter against her mother… Whoever loves father or mother more than me is not worthy of me…

(Matthew 10:34-37, ESV)

The Apostle Paul echoes this theme, emphasizing that faithful service may involve suffering:

Indeed, all who desire to live a godly life in Christ Jesus will be persecuted. (2 Timothy 3:12, ESV)

Biblical Precedents for Danger in God’s Work

The Old Testament also acknowledges these risks. For example, Deuteronomy 19:5 provides a legal provision for accidental killings in the woods, where two men cutting wood might encounter deadly hazards.

Similarly, Paul’s missionary journeys were marked by frequent dangers—shipwrecks, imprisonments, beatings, and constant threats from enemies of the gospel (2 Corinthians 11:23-27). Missionaries like Dr. David Livingstone, who spread the gospel in Africa, faced severe physical dangers, including diseases and wild animals, yet persisted in obedience to God’s call.

The Theological Significance: Trials Produce Perseverance

From a theological standpoint, these dangers are not meaningless suffering but are part of God’s refining process. James encourages believers:

Count it all joy, my brothers, when you meet trials of various kinds, for you know that the testing of your faith produces steadfastness. (James 1:2-3, ESV)

And Paul reminds us that suffering produces hope and maturity:

More than that, we rejoice in our sufferings, knowing that suffering produces endurance, and endurance produces character, and character produces hope. (Romans 5:3-4, ESV)

Thus, the “injuries” and “dangers” described in Ecclesiastes 10:9 can be understood as the spiritual, emotional, and physical trials believers face as they engage in God’s work.

Balancing Reality with Hope

While recognizing these risks, Scripture assures us of God’s sovereign protection and ultimate victory:

No temptation has overtaken you that is not common to man. God is faithful, and he will not let you be tempted beyond your ability, but with the temptation he will also provide the way of escape, that you may be able to endure it.” (1 Corinthians 10:13, ESV)

 

We are called to persevere, knowing our labor in the Lord is not in vain (1 Corinthians 15:58).

Invitation to Salvation

Have you personally experienced the forgiveness and peace that come from trusting in Jesus Christ? Scripture is clear:

If you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved. (Romans 10:9, ESV)

If you have not yet repented and received Christ, consider this your moment. Death comes to all, but eternal life is offered freely through Jesus Christ (John 3:16). The Bible warns of judgment for those who reject God (Revelation 20:15), but also offers hope to all who repent:

Repent therefore, and turn back, that your sins may be blotted out. (Acts 3:19, ESV)

If you are ready to surrender your life to Christ, I encourage you to pray a prayer of repentance and faith. You can find a guide here >>> GUIDED PRAYER FOR REPENTANCE

May God bless you richly as you seek Him.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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What Does “Examine Yourselves” and “Unless You Fail the Test” Really Mean?

Primary Text – 2 Corinthians 13:5 (ESV):

“Examine yourselves, to see whether you are in the faith. Test yourselves. Or do you not realize this about yourselves, that Jesus Christ is in you?—unless indeed you fail to meet the test!”

Understanding the Verse:

In this verse, the Apostle Paul urges the Corinthian believers to carry out a self-assessment of their spiritual condition—to determine whether they are truly “in the faith.” The phrase “unless indeed you fail to meet the test” (ESV) is a serious warning that some may profess faith outwardly, yet lack a genuine inward transformation a personal relationship with Christ.

This “test” is not simply about behavior but about the reality of Christ dwelling within (cf. Romans 8:9). If Jesus Christ is not in you, you are not truly saved regardless of outward religious activity.

Theological Background:

Justification vs. Sanctification:

Justification is the act of God declaring a sinner righteous through faith in Christ (Romans 5:1). It happens once.

Sanctification, however, is the ongoing process of growing in holiness and being conformed to Christ (Philippians 2:12–13; 1 Thessalonians 4:3).

Paul’s command to “examine yourselves” pertains to sanctification evidence of the new life in Christ. This is not about working for salvation, but working from salvation. True saving faith will inevitably bear fruit (James 2:17).

Assurance of Salvation:
Paul’s statement assumes that assurance of salvation is possible, but not automatic. Christians are called to self-reflection, not self-condemnation (Romans 8:1). Assurance grows as we walk in obedience and see the Spirit’s fruit in our lives (Galatians 5:22–23).

Christ in You – The Hope of Glory:
Paul’s test hinges on whether “Jesus Christ is in you” (cf. Colossians 1:27). This indwelling presence of Christ through the Holy Spirit is the defining mark of a true believer (Romans 8:9–11).

What Does “Failing the Test” Mean?
The Greek word for “fail the test” or “disqualified” (ἀδόκιμος – adokimos) refers to something proven false, counterfeit, or rejected after testing (cf. 1 Corinthians 9:27). In this context, it’s about not standing up under scrutiny lacking genuine saving faith, which may be revealed through ongoing disobedience or hypocrisy.

Illustration: Like Learning to Ride a Bicycle

Think of a child learning to ride a bike. In the beginning, they may use training wheels to stay upright. While it looks like they can ride, they’re still relying on external support. The real test comes when those training wheels are removed. If they fall, it shows they weren’t ready yet.

Similarly, in your Christian walk, you may initially depend on others your pastor, a prayer partner, reminders to read Scripture, etc. That’s part of growth. But over time, your faith must stand on its own. When no one’s watching, when no one reminds you do you still pursue God?

That’s what it means to examine yourself.

Practical Signs of a Genuine Faith:

You pursue God in prayer and Scripture, even when no one prompts you (Matthew 6:6).

Your life bears the fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22–23).

You hate sin and seek to repent, even of secret sins (Psalm 139:23–24).

Your conduct is Christlike both inside and outside of church (Philippians 1:27).

You love other believers and grow in humility and holiness (1 John 3:14; Hebrews 12:14).

Ask yourself:
How do I behave when I’m alone?
What kind of content do I consume online?
Who influences my heart and mind?
Am I motivated by love for Christ or just trying to please others?

These are the kinds of questions that help you “test yourself” in light of Scripture.

Clarifying a Common Misunderstanding:

The phrase “unless you fail the test” does not mean that God has predestined certain people to be rejected no matter what they do. The Bible clearly teaches that God desires all people to be saved and come to the knowledge of the truth (1 Timothy 2:4). No one who genuinely seeks God with a repentant heart will be turned away (John 6:37).

Failing the test means you have not yet surrendered your life fully to Christ, or you’re living in self-deception thinking you’re right with God, when your life bears no evidence of true transformation. But even then, grace is still extended. The call is not to despair, but to repent and believe afresh.

Final Encouragement:

If your faith only functions when someone else is pushing you along, that’s a sign it’s time to grow. Christian maturity is about becoming spiritually self-disciplined not independent of God, but independent of constant human supervision.

So take Paul’s words seriously, not as condemnation, but as an invitation to deeper intimacy with Christ. Let your relationship with God be real, rooted, and resilient able to stand firm even when no one else is watching.

God bless you as you.

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Who Were the Arameans in the Bible?

The Arameans (also known as Syrians) were a people frequently mentioned in the Bible, especially in the Old Testament. Some key passages that reference them include:

  • 2 Samuel 8:6 – “David put garrisons in the Aramean kingdom of Damascus, and the Arameans became subject to him and brought tribute. The Lord gave David victory wherever he went.”

  • 1 Kings 20:21

  • 2 Kings 5:2

  • Jeremiah 35:11

  • Amos 9:7

These references show the significant and sometimes adversarial relationship between the Arameans and the Israelites.

Geographical and Historical Identity

The Arameans were originally inhabitants of a region known in Hebrew as Aram, which corresponds largely to what we now call Syria. In Swahili, Syria is referred to as “Shamu,” hence the people were called Washami (Arameans).

Their capital was Damascus, which remains the capital of Syria today. While modern-day Syrians are largely Arabs (descendants of Ishmael), they are not the same ethnic group as the biblical Arameans. Over centuries, due to conquests and migrations, the original Aramean identity and culture were assimilated or lost.

A Notable Biblical Event Involving the Arameans

One of the most memorable stories involving the Arameans is found in 2 Kings 6:8–23. The Aramean army was sent to capture the prophet Elisha, but through God’s power, Elisha struck them with blindness and led them into the city of Samaria. Here is the key part of that narrative:

2 Kings 6:15–17 (NIV):

“When the servant of the man of God got up and went out early the next morning, an army with horses and chariots had surrounded the city. ‘Oh no, my lord! What shall we do?’ the servant asked.

‘Don’t be afraid,’ the prophet answered. ‘Those who are with us are more than those who are with them.’

And Elisha prayed, ‘Open his eyes, Lord, so that he may see.’ Then the Lord opened the servant’s eyes, and he looked and saw the hills full of horses and chariots of fire all around Elisha.”

This passage teaches a profound spiritual truth: God’s protection is greater than any threat we may see with human eyes.

Theological Significance

In the Bible, the Arameans often symbolize the enemies of God’s people. While they were real historical nations, they can also represent spiritual opposition in a symbolic or allegorical sense. The frequent battles between Israel and the Arameans remind believers that the Christian life is a spiritual battle, but one in which God is our defender.

Just as Elisha told his servant not to be afraid, the same message applies to us today. When we belong to Christ, God’s angelic army surrounds and protects us. As believers, we are not alone, no matter what the circumstances look like.

Romans 8:31 (NIV):

“If God is for us, who can be against us?”

However, this divine protection applies to those who are under the covering of Christ’s blood—those who have received salvation through faith in Jesus Christ. Without that relationship, we are vulnerable to the enemy.

A Call to Salvation

So the ultimate question is: Have you received Christ as your Lord and Savior?
If not, today is the best day to make that decision. The Bible says:

2 Corinthians 6:2 (NIV):

“I tell you, now is the time of God’s favor, now is the day of salvation.”

Only in Christ do we have lasting protection, peace, and victory over every spiritual enemy.

Conclusion

The Arameans were a real historical people who played a major role in the biblical narrative. Spiritually, they remind us of the reality of opposition, but also of the sovereignty and protection of God. Let us walk daily in the assurance that those who are with us—God’s heavenly hosts—are greater than those who are against us.

If you desire to know more about this salvation or have questions about faith in Christ, feel free to reach out to a trusted believer, local church, or ministry near you.

God bless you.

 

 

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What is a Censer in the Bible? (Leviticus 10:1)

A censer is a small vessel used by priests to burn incense inside the Tabernacle (God’s Tent of Meeting) or later in the Temple. The burning of incense was an important ritual act symbolizing worship and the presence of God.

Before a priest could perform his sacred duties, he was required to burn incense on burning coals taken from the altar of incense (located just outside the Holy of Holies). This act filled the holy place with fragrant smoke, representing the prayers and worship of God’s people rising to Him.

Exodus 30:34–35 records God’s specific instructions for making the incense:

“And the LORD said unto Moses, Take unto thee sweet spices, stacte, and onycha, and galbanum; these sweet spices with pure frankincense… And thou shalt make it a perfume, a confection after the art of the apothecary, tempered together, pure and holy.”

The smoke produced by burning this incense was regarded as a holy aroma pleasing to God, and it signified His presence coming down to meet with His people (Exodus 30:7-8).

It was a grave offense for priests to neglect this ritual or to use unauthorized fire or incense ingredients (Leviticus 10:1–2, Exodus 30:9, Numbers 3:4). This underscores the holiness and reverence required in worship.

From Physical Incense to Spiritual Worship

In the Old Testament, the incense and the censer were tangible symbols of worship and prayer offered to God. However, with the coming of Jesus and the establishment of the New Covenant, the nature of worship changed.

We no longer offer physical incense because Christ’s sacrifice fulfilled the law and replaced the animal sacrifices and rituals (Hebrews 10:1-18). Our worship is now spiritual and heartfelt.

Hebrews 13:15 states:

“By him therefore let us offer the sacrifice of praise to God continually, that is, the fruit of our lips giving thanks to his name.”

Our prayers and praise are like the incense that rises to God in heaven (Revelation 5:8).

What Does the Censer Represent Spiritually?

Spiritually, the censer symbolizes the human heart. Just as the censer holds fire to burn the incense, the heart must be kindled by the Holy Spirit for our prayers and worship to be acceptable before God.

Revelation 8:3-4  describes:

“Another angel came and stood at the altar, having a golden censer; and there was given unto him much incense, that he should offer it with the prayers of all saints upon the golden altar which was before the throne.”

This shows that incense is closely connected to the prayers of God’s people, and the censer represents the place where prayers are “kindled” by God’s Spirit.

Therefore, guarding our hearts and keeping them pure is vital, because out of the heart flows the quality of our spiritual life.

Proverbs 4:23 exhorts:

“Keep thy heart with all diligence; for out of it are the issues of life.”

May the Lord bless us as we keep our hearts burning with His Spirit, offering Him sincere prayers and worship!

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Do the accounts in 1 Chronicles 21:25 and 2 Samuel 24:24 contradict each other regarding the amount King David paid for Araunah’s land?

Was it 50 shekels or 600 shekels? Does this mean the Bible contradicts itself?

Answer:
Let’s read the two verses in question:

2 Samuel 24:24 
“But the king replied to Araunah, ‘No, I insist on paying you for it. I will not sacrifice to the Lord my God burnt offerings that cost me nothing.’ So David bought the threshing floor and the oxen and paid fifty shekels of silver for them.”

1 Chronicles 21:25 
“So David paid Araunah six hundred shekels of gold for the site.”

At first glance, this seems like a contradiction. But when we look more closely, we see that both accounts are correct—they’re just describing different parts of the same event.

In 2 Samuel, the focus is on the immediate purchase of the threshing floor and the oxen used for sacrifice. That smaller portion cost 50 shekels of silver. David urgently needed this to build an altar and offer sacrifices to the Lord to stop the plague that had struck Israel because of his sin in taking a census (see 2 Samuel 24:10–15).

In contrast, 1 Chronicles 21 speaks of the entire site—a larger area that would later become the location for Solomon’s Temple. David paid 600 shekels of gold for the whole property. This larger purchase likely happened after the immediate crisis, ensuring that the place would belong fully to the Lord for future use in worship.

This passage shows David’s heart for genuine worship. He said, “I will not sacrifice to the Lord my God burnt offerings that cost me nothing” (2 Samuel 24:24). This reveals a key principle of true worship: it must come with personal cost and sincere devotion.

Additionally, by securing the entire site (as recorded in 1 Chronicles), David was not just solving a temporary problem but also laying the foundation for the future temple, where generations would come to seek God. This reflects a long-term, covenantal perspective—worship isn’t just about the moment, but about building a lasting place for God’s presence among His people.

The fact that two writers (Samuel and the Chronicler) highlight different costs only enriches our understanding. One emphasizes the sacrificial heart in the moment; the other emphasizes the permanent dedication of sacred space to God.

There is no contradiction. David paid 50 shekels of silver for the threshing floor and oxen (2 Samuel 24:24), and later 600 shekels of gold for the entire site (1 Chronicles 21:25). Each verse simply highlights a different part of the transaction.

This teaches us that in worship, God deserves our best—both in the immediate and in the long-term. True sacrifice costs us something, and honoring God sometimes means going beyond what is required, to what is truly worthy of Him.

May the Lord bless you as you seek to worship Him in truth and sincerity.

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What Is a Novena, and Is It Biblical?

Answer:
The word Novena originates from the Latin word novem, which means “nine.” In various Christian traditions particularly the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches a Novena refers to a structured form of devotion involving prayer over a period of nine consecutive days, often to request a particular favor or to express gratitude.

These prayers may be directed to God, but in many cases, particularly within Catholic practice, they include petitions to saints or to Mary, the mother of Jesus, and frequently involve the Rosary. However, the practice of praying the Rosary or addressing prayers to saints is not supported by the Bible.

Is the Practice of a Novena in the Bible?

The most commonly cited biblical inspiration for the Novena is found in the period between Jesus’ ascension and the Day of Pentecost. After Jesus ascended to heaven, the disciples, along with others including Mary, gathered in an upper room and devoted themselves to prayer.

“These all continued with one accord in prayer and supplication, with the women and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with His brothers.”
Acts 1:14, NKJV

Jesus ascended 40 days after His resurrection (Acts 1:3), and the Holy Spirit came on the Day of Pentecost, which was 50 days after Passover (Leviticus 23:15–16). This leaves a 10-day gap during which the disciples prayed together often interpreted by some as the first “Novena.” However, this was never presented in Scripture as a prescriptive model for future prayer practices.

Important distinction: Nowhere in the Bible are believers commanded to pray for nine consecutive days to receive blessings or spiritual gifts. The actions of the early church in Acts 1–2 were descriptive, not prescriptive. They describe what happened, but they do not instruct us to repeat the pattern as a spiritual formula.

Are Repetitive or Scheduled Prayers Encouraged in Scripture?

Jesus Himself cautioned against repetitive prayers done out of ritual or superstition:

“And when you pray, do not use vain repetitions as the heathen do. For they think that they will be heard for their many words.”
Matthew 6:7, NKJV

Prayer, according to Jesus, should be sincere, direct, and addressed to the Father (Matthew 6:6). The Bible teaches us to pray continually (1 Thessalonians 5:17) and to make our requests known to God with thanksgiving (Philippians 4:6), but it does not prescribe specific durations or formats like a nine-day cycle.

The Problem with Praying to Saints or Mary

One of the major theological issues with many Novenas, especially in Catholic practice, is that they involve prayers directed to saints or to Mary. This contradicts the biblical teaching that there is only one mediator between God and humanity:

“For there is one God and one Mediator between God and men, the Man Christ Jesus.”
1 Timothy 2:5, NKJV

The Bible does not support communication with the dead or the idea that saints can intercede on our behalf. In fact, attempting to speak with the dead is explicitly forbidden:

“There shall not be found among you anyone who…calls up the dead.”
Deuteronomy 18:10–11, NKJV

While Mary was undoubtedly blessed and honored (Luke 1:28), she, like all believers, prayed to God not to others and she is never presented in Scripture as someone who receives or mediates prayers.

Are All Novenas Wrong?

Not necessarily. If someone chooses to commit to a nine-day period of focused prayer praying directly to God, without invoking saints or engaging in unbiblical rituals such a practice is not sinful. It may even be spiritually beneficial, much like personal fasting or dedicated prayer retreats.

However, this must be:

  • Voluntary (not mandatory),

  • Biblically grounded, and

  • Free from idolatrous or superstitious elements.

Paul reminds us in Colossians 2:8 (NKJV):

“Beware lest anyone cheat you through philosophy and empty deceit, according to the tradition of men, according to the basic principles of the world, and not according to Christ.”

So while structured prayer itself is not wrong, it must not replace or distort the truth of the gospel and our direct relationship with God through Jesus Christ.

Should Christians Pray Novenas?

The Bible does not command or endorse the practice of Novenas. Structured prayer over nine days is not inherently sinful, but when it involves:

  • Mandatory ritualism,

  • Prayers to saints or Mary, or

  • Superstitious expectations,

it falls into serious theological error. At best, Novenas are extra-biblical traditions. At worst, they can become acts of idolatry, which Scripture strongly condemns (Exodus 20:3–5; Romans 1:25).

Final encouragement:

“Let us therefore come boldly to the throne of grace, that we may obtain mercy and find grace to help in time of need.”
Hebrews 4:16, NKJV

God invites us to pray directly to Him through Jesus Christ. That is our biblical foundation. Let’s not substitute man-made systems for what Scripture clearly teaches.

May the Lord help us to worship Him in spirit and in truth (John 4:24).

 

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Biblical Stewardship: What Is a Steward and What Does Stewardship Mean?

Introduction

In the Bible, a steward is someone entrusted with the responsibility of managing what belongs to another. Stewardship, therefore, refers to the faithful and responsible use of all that God has entrusted to us—our time, talents, resources, relationships, and ministries. The concept spans both the Old and New Testaments and applies to every believer.

Old Testament Examples of Stewardship

Eliezer – Steward of Abraham

Eliezer, Abraham’s servant, was given authority over all his master’s possessions and was even trusted to find a wife for Isaac, Abraham’s son. This reveals the depth of trust stewards could be given.

“And Abram said, ‘O Lord God, what will you give me, for I continue childless, and the heir of my house is Eliezer of Damascus?’”
(Genesis 15:2, ESV)

“Abraham said to his servant, the oldest of his household, who had charge of all that he had…”
(Genesis 24:2, ESV)

Joseph – Steward in Potiphar’s House

Joseph was appointed over all the household affairs of Potiphar. His faithfulness as a steward in a foreign land underlines the principle that stewardship is not based on status but on integrity and faith.

“He left all that he had in Joseph’s charge, and because of him he had no concern about anything but the food he ate.”
(Genesis 39:6, ESV)

New Testament Teachings on Stewardship

Jesus extensively taught about stewardship, especially in relation to the Kingdom of God. He used stewards in parables to illustrate faithfulness, accountability, and readiness for His return.

The Faithful and Wise Steward – Luke 12

Jesus emphasized the need for readiness and wise management. A faithful steward is one who lives in anticipation of the Master’s return, serving diligently.

“Who then is the faithful and wise manager, whom his master will set over his household, to give them their portion of food at the proper time?”
(Luke 12:42, ESV)

“Everyone to whom much was given, of him much will be required…”
(Luke 12:48, ESV)

Parable of the Talents – Matthew 25

This parable reinforces the idea that God expects a return on what He entrusts to His people. The servants who multiplied their talents were commended, while the one who did nothing faced judgment.

“For to everyone who has will more be given, and he will have an abundance. But from the one who has not, even what he has will be taken away.”
(Matthew 25:29, ESV)

Theological Insight: Stewardship as Worship and Responsibility

1. Stewardship Reflects God’s Ownership
Everything we have is from God and belongs to Him.

“The earth is the Lord’s and the fullness thereof, the world and those who dwell therein.”
(Psalm 24:1, ESV)

2. Stewardship Requires Faithfulness
It is not the size of the gift but the faithfulness in using it that matters.

“Moreover, it is required of stewards that they be found faithful.”
(1 Corinthians 4:2, ESV)

3. Stewardship Involves Accountability
God will hold each believer accountable for how they managed what He entrusted to them.

“So then each of us will give an account of himself to God.”
(Romans 14:12, ESV)

Every Believer Is a Steward

Stewardship is not just for pastors or church leaders. Every Christian is called to manage their gifts, time, and calling for God’s glory.

“As each has received a gift, use it to serve one another, as good stewards of God’s varied grace.”
(1 Peter 4:10, ESV)

Jesus’ instruction to Peter after the resurrection also confirms that love for Christ is shown through responsible care for others:

“He said to him the third time, ‘Simon, son of John, do you love me?’… Jesus said to him, ‘Feed my sheep.’”
(John 21:17, ESV)

Conclusion: Live as a Faithful Steward

All believers are stewards of Christ. Whether in ministry, business, family, or personal life, God expects faithfulness. Stewardship is a sign of maturity and a pathway to greater Kingdom impact.

“This is how one should regard us, as servants of Christ and stewards of the mysteries of God.”
(1 Corinthians 4:1, ESV)

Other Key Verses on Stewardship (ESV):

  • Luke 16:1–13 – Parable of the Dishonest Manager
  • 1 Corinthians 9:17 – Paul’s commission as a steward
  • Ephesians 3:2 – Stewardship of God’s grace
  • Colossians 1:25 – Stewardship of the Word

May the Lord bless you as you serve Him faithfully.

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How will those who died before Jesus be saved?

Question: How will the people who died before Jesus came that is, those under the Old Covenant be saved? We know from Scripture that salvation comes only through the blood of Jesus Christ. So how could those who lived before Christ’s sacrificial death be saved when His blood had not yet been shed?

Answer: It is indeed true that salvation is obtained only through the blood of Jesus (Hebrews 9:22). However, the relationship between the Old and New Covenants clarifies how those before Christ were made righteous.

1. The New Covenant fulfills, not abolishes, the Old Covenant.

Jesus Himself said in Matthew 5:17 (NIV):
“Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.”

This means the Old Covenant was not invalid or false, but incomplete it pointed forward to the coming Messiah and the ultimate sacrifice He would offer.

2. An analogy of changing systems:
Consider an institution that originally admitted students through paper applications. Later, it switches to an electronic system for admissions. Students admitted by the old system remain valid alumni, but new students must use the updated process. The old system becomes obsolete but does not nullify past valid admissions.

Similarly, the Old Covenant was God’s initial way to relate to His people, but it had limitations, especially in dealing with sin (Hebrews 10:1–4). The sacrifices under the Old Covenant bulls, goats, and lambs could not permanently remove sin, as Hebrews 10:4 (ESV) states:

“For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.”

3. The New Covenant introduces the perfect sacrifice:
When Jesus died and shed His blood, He inaugurated a New Covenant, fulfilling the promises made in the Old Testament (Jeremiah 31:31–34; Luke 22:20). This New Covenant offers complete forgiveness and direct access to God, which the Old Covenant could only foreshadow.

Hebrews 8:13 (NIV) explains:
“By calling this covenant ‘new,’ he has made the first one obsolete; and what is obsolete and outdated will soon disappear.”

The word “obsolete” (Greek: palaios) means “old” or “worn out,” indicating that the Old Covenant’s system was temporary and would pass away when the New Covenant arrived.

4. Salvation of the Old Testament saints:
Those who lived under the Old Covenant Moses, Elijah, Abraham, David, Daniel, and others were declared righteous by faith in God’s promises, anticipating the coming Messiah (Hebrews 11). They were justified by trusting in God’s provision, not by their own works or sacrifices.

The writer of Hebrews makes it clear that they were part of God’s covenant people and considered holy, even though they did not see Christ in His earthly ministry or receive baptism (Hebrews 11:4–40). Their faith was credited as righteousness (Genesis 15:6, Romans 4:3).

5. After Christ’s sacrifice:
Once Jesus’ blood was shed, the New Covenant became the only valid means of salvation. Those born afterward must enter through this covenant, embracing faith in Christ and His finished work on the cross.

Anyone who tries to rely on the Old Covenant’s laws or sacrifices for salvation today is missing the essential truth of the gospel and cannot be saved (Galatians 3:10–14).

6. Practical implications:
It’s vital for believers today to understand the New Covenant’s principles. While we can learn from Old Testament heroes like David his faith and humility we cannot follow all their cultural or legal practices (such as polygamy or revenge). Jesus, the mediator of the New Covenant (Hebrews 9:15; 12:24), clearly taught a higher standard:

  • Marriage is between one man and one woman (Matthew 19:4–6).

  • Divorce and remarriage without cause is adultery (Matthew 19:9).

  • Believers must not seek personal revenge (Matthew 5:38–39).

  • Salvation is only through Jesus’ blood (Hebrews 9:22).

  • The Old Covenant was a foreshadowing, fulfilled by Jesus (Matthew 5:17; Hebrews 8:13).

  • Old Testament saints were saved by faith in God’s promises (Hebrews 11).

  • After Christ, only the New Covenant offers true salvation.

May God bless you richly.

Maranatha!

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