In biblical theology, the spiritual realm refers to the unseen dimension where God, angels, demons, and spiritual forces operate. It’s a realm that deeply influences our physical world, though it is invisible to the human eye.
Many cultures and religions have their own interpretations of the spiritual realm. Some believe it is filled with spirits of the dead, angels, demons, or mystical forces that influence human affairs. In these views, people may attempt to engage the spiritual realm through rituals, divination, or spirit communication.
However, the Bible gives us a different and deeper understanding. It not only affirms the existence of the spiritual realm but defines its purpose and our place in it, especially in relation to God.
The Bible affirms that the visible world originates from the invisible spiritual realm:
Hebrews 11:3 (NIV) – “By faith we understand that the universe was formed at God’s command, so that what is seen was not made out of what was visible.”
This verse reminds us that all physical matter came from the spiritual reality of God’s spoken word. The spiritual realm, therefore, predates and governs the material one. It’s not just a parallel universe—it’s the source.
To understand the spiritual realm, we must begin with God’s nature. The Bible clearly states:
John 4:24 (ESV) – “God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.”
This means that relationship with God doesn’t require a physical location or ritual—it requires a spiritual connection. The spiritual realm is first and foremost where we meet with God, not merely where we fight demons or see visions.
A person enters the true spiritual realm not by mystical experience but by entering into relationship with God through Jesus Christ.
John 14:6 (NIV) – “Jesus answered, ‘I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.’”
Romans 10:9 (NIV) – “If you declare with your mouth, ‘Jesus is Lord,’ and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved.”
Upon salvation, a person is born again spiritually and receives the Holy Spirit:
Ephesians 1:13 (NIV) – “When you believed, you were marked in him with a seal, the promised Holy Spirit.”
John 3:6 (NIV) – “Flesh gives birth to flesh, but the Spirit gives birth to spirit.”
This new spiritual birth gives access to the spiritual realm where God dwells.
To be spiritual, according to Scripture, means to be led by the Holy Spirit and to live according to God’s Word.
Romans 8:14 (NIV) – “For those who are led by the Spirit of God are the children of God.”
Galatians 5:16 (ESV) – “But I say, walk by the Spirit, and you will not gratify the desires of the flesh.”
Being spiritual is not determined by supernatural experiences like seeing visions or hearing voices. Instead, living a life of faith, obedience, and alignment with God’s Word is the true mark of someone walking in the Spirit.
Colossians 3:16 (NIV) – “Let the message of Christ dwell among you richly…”
James 1:22 (NIV) – “Do not merely listen to the word, and so deceive yourselves. Do what it says.”
The Bible clearly states that believers will face opposition from demonic forces. These battles happen in the spiritual realm:
Ephesians 6:12 (NIV) – “For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this dark world and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms.”
However, God has not left us defenseless. He provides spiritual armor:
Ephesians 6:13–17 (NIV) – “Put on the full armor of God… the belt of truth, breastplate of righteousness, gospel of peace, shield of faith, helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God.”
Victory in the spiritual realm comes by standing firm in God’s Word, prayer, and the power of the Holy Spirit—not through fear or superstition.
2 Corinthians 10:4 (NIV) – “The weapons we fight with are not the weapons of the world. On the contrary, they have divine power to demolish strongholds.”
To live in the Spirit means to allow God’s Word to guide every part of your life.
Psalm 119:105 (NIV) – “Your word is a lamp for my feet, a light on my path.”
Many people assume they enter the spiritual realm only when they see angels, demons, or receive visions. However, the biblical truth is this: you enter the spiritual realm the moment you place your faith in Jesus and begin to live by God’s Word.
Colossians 3:2 (NIV) – “Set your minds on things above, not on earthly things.”
After salvation, the believer is seated with Christ in the spiritual realm:
Ephesians 2:6 (NIV) – “And God raised us up with Christ and seated us with him in the heavenly realms in Christ Jesus.”
We now share in His authority and access spiritual blessings:
Ephesians 1:3 (NIV) – “Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in the heavenly realms with every spiritual blessing in Christ.”
Ephesians 1:17–20 (NIV) – “I keep asking that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ… may give you the Spirit of wisdom and revelation…”
If you are saved, then you are already in the spiritual realm. You are connected to God, empowered by the Holy Spirit, and equipped to live a victorious life in Christ. The true evidence of being spiritual is living a life rooted in God’s Word, not chasing after mystical experiences.
So don’t wait for a vision, a voice, or a supernatural event to confirm your spiritual status. The moment you believe and obey God’s Word—you are in the Spirit.
Galatians 3:3 (NIV) – “Are you so foolish? After beginning by means of the Spirit, are you now trying to finish by means of the flesh?”
Live in the Word. Walk in the Spirit. And let your life glorify God.
May the Lord bless you and keep you grounded in His truth.
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Greetings in the powerful name of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. To Him belong all dominion, glory, and authority forever. Amen.
Throughout Scripture, God has revealed much about His character, His kingdom, and His redemptive plan for humanity. However, some truths were hidden kept as divine mysteries until they were unveiled through Jesus Christ in the fullness of time.
In the New Testament, the word mystery (Greek: mystērion) does not refer to something unknowable, but to a divine truth once hidden and now revealed through divine revelation. These mysteries are found fully and only in Christ.
Colossians 2:2 (NIV)
“My goal is that they may be encouraged in heart and united in love, so that they may have the full riches of complete understanding, in order that they may know the mystery of God, namely, Christ.”
Let’s explore four foundational mysteries that are revealed in Christ:
1 Timothy 3:16 (NIV)
“Beyond all question, the mystery from which true godliness springs is great: He appeared in the flesh, was vindicated by the Spirit, was seen by angels, was preached among the nations, was believed on in the world, was taken up in glory.”
This verse affirms the doctrine of the Incarnation that Jesus Christ is fully God and fully man. The eternal Son of God took on human flesh (see also John 1:1, 14) and dwelt among us. This truth was a mystery for ages, even to the rulers of this world.
1 Corinthians 2:7–8 (NIV)
“No, we declare God’s wisdom, a mystery that has been hidden and that God destined for our glory before time began. None of the rulers of this age understood it, for if they had, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory.”
Many failed and still fail to recognize Jesus as the visible expression of the invisible God. However, Scripture clearly testifies:John 1:1, 14 (NIV): “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God… The Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us.”Colossians 2:9 (NIV): “For in Christ all the fullness of the Deity lives in bodily form.”Titus 2:13 (NIV): “While we wait for the blessed hope the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ.”
Understanding that Jesus is fully God enhances our worship, obedience, and relationship with Him. This is foundational to Christian faith.
Ephesians 3:4–6 (NIV)
“In reading this, then, you will be able to understand my insight into the mystery of Christ, which was not made known to people in other generations as it has now been revealed by the Spirit to God’s holy apostles and prophets. This mystery is that through the gospel the Gentiles are heirs together with Israel, members together of one body, and sharers together in the promise in Christ Jesus.”
This truth overturns centuries of Jewish exclusivity regarding salvation. God’s redemptive plan always included the Gentiles, but it was not clearly understood until Christ came.
The Old Testament hints at this inclusion (see Isaiah 49:6, Genesis 12:3), but in Christ, it is fully revealed and implemented. Now, through faith in Christ, Gentiles are grafted into God’s people (Romans 11), and all believers become one in Him.
Colossians 1:27 (NIV)
“To them God has chosen to make known among the Gentiles the glorious riches of this mystery, which is Christ in you, the hope of glory.”
Understanding this mystery empowers us to proclaim the Gospel to all people—regardless of race, tribe, or religion. No one is to be excluded from the invitation to know Christ.
Romans 11:25–27 (NIV)
“I do not want you to be ignorant of this mystery, brothers and sisters, so that you may not be conceited: Israel has experienced a hardening in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in, and in this way all Israel will be saved. As it is written: ‘The deliverer will come from Zion; he will turn godlessness away from Jacob. And this is my covenant with them when I take away their sins.'”
While Israel as a nation currently rejects Jesus as Messiah, God has not abandoned them. Their hardening is temporary, and Scripture promises their future restoration.
Zechariah 12:10 (NIV)
“And I will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and supplication. They will look on me, the one they have pierced, and they will mourn for him…”
This truth should humble us. If Israel was cut off because of unbelief, so could we if we take God’s grace for granted (Romans 11:20–22).
Philippians 2:12 (NIV)
“…continue to work out your salvation with fear and trembling.”
God’s covenant with Israel will be fulfilled in due time. In the meantime, we must honor the grace we’ve been given, remain faithful, and pray for the peace of Jerusalem (Psalm 122:6).
Matthew 24:36 (NIV)
“But about that day or hour no one knows, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.”
While the exact timing of Christ’s return was once unknown even to Jesus in His earthly ministry after His resurrection and ascension, He received all authority and knowledge. In the Book of Revelation, we see that He alone is worthy to open the seals (Revelation 5:9), revealing God’s end-time plan.
Revelation 10:7 (NIV)
“But in the days when the seventh angel is about to sound his trumpet, the mystery of God will be accomplished, just as he announced to his servants the prophets.”
Some details of this mystery remain sealed:
Revelation 10:3–4 (NIV)
“…he gave a loud shout like the roar of a lion. When he shouted, the voices of the seven thunders spoke. And when the seven thunders spoke, I was about to write; but I heard a voice from heaven say, ‘Seal up what the seven thunders have said and do not write it down.'”
There are still aspects of the end times not fully revealed to us but we are assured that they will be fulfilled exactly as God intends.
We are living in the last days. Signs are unfolding. The call to repentance is urgent.
Have you prepared yourself for the marriage supper of the Lamb? (Revelation 19:7–9) Have you repented and received Christ as Lord and Savior?
If not, today is the day of salvation (2 Corinthians 6:2). Turn from your sins, place your faith in Jesus, and receive the free gift of eternal life.
If you’re ready to surrender your life to Christ, I invite you to pray this simple prayer of repentance and faith:
“Lord Jesus, I acknowledge that I am a sinner and I need Your mercy. I believe You died for my sins and rose again. Today, I turn from my sins and receive You as my Lord and Savior. Come into my heart and make me new. In Your name, I pray. Amen.”
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To appreciate the full meaning of this proverb, we must understand the cultural and agricultural context of ancient Israel. The harvest season was hot and labor-intensive. It typically occurred during the dry months when temperatures were high and shade was scarce.
In such conditions, the imagery of “cold of snow” doesn’t imply snow falling during harvest since snow rarely, if ever, fell during that time but rather cold refreshments brought down from snowy mountain regions, such as Mount Hermon or Lebanon. These were sometimes used to cool water or drinks for workers, providing a moment of unexpected and invigorating refreshment during an otherwise exhausting time.
Solomon, the author of Proverbs, uses this imagery to compare a faithful messenger to a rare and welcome refreshment. Just as coldness in the heat revives the weary body, so a faithful messenger revives and refreshes the heart of the one who sent him.
Theologically, the first and greatest faithful messenger is Jesus Christ Himself.
Hebrews 3:1–2 (NKJV) — “Consider the Apostle and High Priest of our confession, Christ Jesus, who was faithful to Him who appointed Him, as Moses also was faithful in all His house.”
Here, Jesus is called an apostle a “sent one” and is praised for His perfect faithfulness to the Father’s will. He fulfilled His mission entirely: to redeem humanity through His life, death, and resurrection. His faithfulness brought joy and satisfaction to the Father’s heart.
John 17:4 (NKJV) — “I have glorified You on the earth. I have finished the work which You have given Me to do.”
This is the ultimate example of Proverbs 25:13 in action. Christ, the faithful Messenger, refreshed the heart of the One who sent Him.
As believers, we too are called to be messengers of the gospel, carrying the Good News of Jesus Christ to the world.
Matthew 28:19–20 (NKJV) — “Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them… teaching them to observe all things that I have commanded you.”
Our faithfulness in this task brings joy to the heart of Christ, just as Christ’s obedience pleased the Father.
2 Corinthians 5:20 (NKJV) — “Now then, we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were pleading through us: we implore you on Christ’s behalf, be reconciled to God.”
Faithful ambassadors don’t alter the message they deliver it with integrity and clarity, no matter how difficult or inconvenient. Their loyalty and diligence are a comfort and joy to their Master.
Jesus gives us a parable that echoes the truth of Proverbs 25:13 in Luke 19:12–26 (NKJV), known as the Parable of the Minas. A nobleman entrusts his servants with resources while he is away, expecting them to use them wisely and faithfully.
Those who were faithful were greatly rewarded:
Luke 19:17 (NKJV) — “Well done, good servant; because you were faithful in a very little, have authority over ten cities.”
This illustrates a powerful kingdom principle: faithfulness in earthly assignments brings eternal reward. The master is refreshed and honored when his servants carry out his instructions with integrity and diligence.
Proverbs 25:13 challenges us to ask:
Can we be to the Lord what cold snow is during the harvest refreshing, dependable, and pleasing?
In a spiritually weary and dry world, faithful servants of Christ stand out. They bring hope, clarity, truth, and comfort just like cold snow in the heat of the harvest.
“Lord, make me a faithful messenger. May I carry Your Word with boldness and humility. Help me refresh Your heart with my obedience and bring glory to You in all I do. Amen.”
Be blessed!
Question:Is it acceptable for a Christian to engage in online financial activities such as Forex trading or cryptocurrency investments like Bitcoin?
1. Understanding What Forex Trading IsForex (short for “foreign exchange”) is the act of buying and selling different currencies on a global market. It’s similar to the Bureau de Change, where people exchange foreign currencies—but in this case, it’s done online and often on a much larger scale. While this market is dominated by financial institutions such as banks and multinational corporations, individuals also participate as traders or investors.
Forex is not inherently illegal or immoral. In fact, it plays a key role in stabilizing global economies and facilitating international trade by enabling currency exchange.
2. Is Forex Similar to Gambling?Some people associate Forex trading with gambling because of its risks and unpredictability. However, there is a fundamental difference:
Gambling is driven by chance, often for entertainment or quick gain, and typically offers no real economic value.
Forex trading, when done with knowledge and discipline, is a form of investment that contributes to financial markets and economic systems.
The Bible warns against dishonest gain and schemes that depend on luck or greed:
Proverbs 13:11 (NIV):“Dishonest money dwindles away, but whoever gathers money little by little makes it grow.”
Proverbs 28:20 (ESV):“A faithful man will abound with blessings, but whoever hastens to be rich will not go unpunished.”
Forex trading becomes a problem when approached with a gambling mentality—seeking fast money, acting impulsively, or without proper knowledge and stewardship.
3. Christian Ethics in BusinessAs Christians, we are called to conduct ourselves with integrity in all areas of life, including finances:
Colossians 3:23-24 (NIV):“Whatever you do, work at it with all your heart, as working for the Lord, not for human masters… It is the Lord Christ you are serving.”
A Christian engaging in Forex should ask:
Am I being a good steward of the resources God has given me?
Am I acting with integrity and fairness?
Am I depending on God or trying to shortcut my way to wealth?
The Bible condemns deceitful or oppressive practices:
Micah 6:11 (NIV):“Shall I acquit someone with dishonest scales, with a bag of false weights?”
Forex trading, in itself, does not involve cheating or exploiting others. But if someone uses manipulative or unethical practices, or causes harm to others for profit, that would be sin.
4. Matters of Conscience and FaithScripture acknowledges that not all situations are black and white. What may not be sinful in itself can become sin if it violates a person’s conscience.
Romans 14:22-23 (NIV):“So whatever you believe about these things keep between yourself and God. Blessed is the one who does not condemn himself by what he approves.But whoever has doubts is condemned if they eat, because their eating is not from faith; and everything that does not come from faith is sin.”
This means if you feel uneasy or uncertain about participating in Forex trading, it is better to refrain—because acting with doubt is not an act of faith, and whatever is not from faith is sin.
5. Conclusion: Is It Sinful for a Christian to Trade Forex?No, Forex trading is not inherently sinful. When done with knowledge, ethical intentions, and a heart that seeks to honor God, it can be a legitimate form of investment and stewardship.
However, yes, it can become sinful if:
It stems from greed or a gambling mindset.
It involves dishonest practices.
It violates your conscience or replaces your trust in God with trust in money.
Final Encouragement:
1 Timothy 6:10 (NIV):“For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil. Some people, eager for money, have wandered from the faith and pierced themselves with many griefs.”
Let your financial decisions be guided by wisdom, integrity, and faith in God—not the desire to get rich quickly.
May the Lord bless you as you seek to honor Him in your financial life.
When we read the story of David committing adultery with Bathsheba and orchestrating the death of her husband Uriah (2 Samuel 11), it paints a troubling picture. Many wonder: “How could a man who did such things be called ‘a man after God’s own heart’?” (1 Samuel 13:14). Doesn’t that contradict who God favors?”
Truthfully, David’s actions were sinful and inexcusable. According to the Law, both adultery and murder were capital offenses (Leviticus 20:10; Exodus 20:13–14). For someone in covenant with God—especially a king—to act this way was a grave offense. But the story doesn’t end there. What follows is the most powerful part of David’s legacy: his genuine repentance and life transformation.
David didn’t try to cover up his sin once he was confronted by the prophet Nathan (2 Samuel 12). Instead, he humbled himself before God. Psalm 51—written after this fall—shows his deep sorrow and sincere desire for cleansing:
Psalm 51:10 “Create in me a pure heart, O God, and renew a steadfast spirit within me.”
David didn’t just feel sorry—he changed. His repentance wasn’t superficial; it led to a life of renewed obedience and integrity.
Many people repent emotionally, but their actions stay the same. David’s change went beyond emotion—it was visible in how he lived from that point on.
Later in his life, when David was old and frail, his attendants brought a young and beautiful virgin, Abishag, to keep him warm (1 Kings 1:1–4). Here’s what Scripture says:
1 Kings 1:4 “The woman was very beautiful; she took care of the king and waited on him, but the king had no sexual relations with her.”
This small detail speaks volumes. The same David who once couldn’t resist Bathsheba now lies next to a beautiful young woman and exercises complete self-control. This wasn’t just old age—it was proof of a transformed heart. He was no longer the man driven by lust, but one ruled by the fear of God.
This visible shift reflects the essence of true repentance, which in Hebrew is “teshuvah”—a turning away from sin and returning to God with all your heart (Joel 2:12–13).
David was not perfect—but he was humble, teachable, and quick to repent. His heart remained soft toward God. That’s what made him “a man after God’s own heart” (Acts 13:22, quoting 1 Samuel 13:14). God desires brokenness and humility more than religious rituals:
Psalm 51:17 “My sacrifice, O God, is a broken spirit; a broken and contrite heart you, God, will not despise.”
David’s love for God wasn’t fake or seasonal. Even after his failure, he lived the rest of his life with visible devotion, leaving a legacy of worship, psalms, and preparation for the temple of God.
This raises an important question: Have we truly turned from our old ways? Or are we still holding onto pieces of our past?
If we say we’ve repented but continue in the same sins when temptation arises, our hearts haven’t really changed. We may be like those Jesus warned in Revelation:
Revelation 3:16 “So, because you are lukewarm—neither hot nor cold—I am about to spit you out of my mouth.”
Or like Lot’s wife, who looked back longingly at what she should have left behind (Genesis 19:26), we risk becoming stuck in our past rather than walking forward in freedom.
Let us not deceive ourselves by saying, “David sinned, and he was still loved by God,” if we have no intention to change. David repented deeply and changed his life entirely. That’s why God continued to walk with him.
Repentance is not just confession—it’s transformation. Jesus said:
Matthew 7:20 “Thus, by their fruit you will recognize them.”
Let your life produce the fruit of a changed heart. Leave behind the sin that once enslaved you. Don’t use David’s failure as an excuse to continue in sin. Instead, let his repentance be your example of hope—that no matter how far you’ve fallen, you can still be restored if you return to God fully.
May the Lord bless you and help you live a life that reflects true repentance and transformation—just like David.
Male prophets in the Bible were far more numerous than female prophets. Prophecy was a critical part of God’s communication with His people, serving as a channel for divine guidance, correction, and future revelation. The male prophets were often sent to guide Israel, Judah, and other nations, revealing God’s will and foretelling events to come.
SUMMARY IN TABLE FORMAT:
To view the full table, slide left.
No. Name Kings Who Ruled During His Time Nations or Cities He Prophesied To Time Period of Prophecy Theological Insight
1. Elijah Ahab, Ahaziah, and Joram Israel Before Israel was exiled to Assyria Elijah was a prophet of judgment, confronting the apostasy of Israel under King Ahab and calling for repentance (1 Kings 17-19). He stood as a champion for Yahweh against the false prophets of Baal (1 Kings 18).
2. Elisha Joram, Jehu, and Jehoahaz Israel Before Israel was exiled to Assyria Elisha succeeded Elijah and performed miracles, highlighting God’s power over both life and death (2 Kings 4-6). His prophetic ministry focused on extending God’s mercy, yet also announcing judgment (2 Kings 9-10).
3. Jonah Jeroboam II Nineveh (Assyria) Before Israel was exiled to Assyria Jonah’s mission to Nineveh emphasized God’s mercy to the Gentiles. Though reluctant, Jonah’s prophecy to the people of Nineveh resulted in their repentance, showcasing God’s compassion (Jonah 3:1-10).
4. Nahum Manasseh, Amon, and Josiah Nineveh (Assyria) Before Judah was exiled to Babylon Nahum prophesied the downfall of Nineveh, foretelling the destruction of Assyria as divine justice for their cruelty and idolatry (Nahum 1:1-14).
5. Obadiah Zedekiah Edom Before Judah was exiled to Babylon Obadiah’s short prophecy warned Edom of its impending judgment due to its violence against Judah (Obadiah 1-21). This demonstrates God’s concern for justice among the nations.
6. Hosea Jeroboam II, Zechariah, Shallum, Menahem, Pekahiah, Pekah, and Hoshea Israel Before Israel was exiled to Assyria Hosea’s ministry highlighted God’s love for His people, despite their unfaithfulness. His marriage to Gomer symbolized Israel’s spiritual adultery (Hosea 1:2-3).
7. Amos Jeroboam II Israel Before Israel was exiled to Assyria Amos prophesied against the social injustices and moral decay in Israel. He emphasized that religious rituals were meaningless without true justice (Amos 5:21-24).
8. Isaiah Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah, and Manasseh Judah Before Judah was exiled to Babylon Isaiah’s prophetic vision is known for its powerful messianic prophecies, including the coming of the “Suffering Servant” (Isaiah 53) and the promise of a new heaven and new earth (Isaiah 65:17-25).
9. Jeremiah Josiah, Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jeconiah, and Zedekiah Judah Before Judah was exiled to Babylon Known as the “Weeping Prophet,” Jeremiah’s ministry focused on calling Judah to repentance, warning of Babylonian captivity, and prophesying about a new covenant (Jeremiah 31:31-34).
10. Joel Joash Judah Before Judah was exiled to Babylon Joel’s prophecy warned of a locust plague as a sign of impending judgment. He also pointed to the coming “Day of the Lord,” a theme in prophetic literature (Joel 2:28-32).
11. Micah Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah, and Manasseh Judah Before Judah was exiled to Babylon Micah’s prophecy addressed both Israel and Judah’s corruption and social injustices, but also foretold the birth of the Messiah in Bethlehem (Micah 5:2).
12. Habakkuk Jehoiakim and Jeconiah Judah Before Judah was exiled to Babylon Habakkuk wrestled with God’s justice, asking why evil prospered. God’s response focused on the righteousness of the just living by faith (Habakkuk 2:4).
13. Zephaniah Amon and Josiah Judah Before Judah was exiled to Babylon Zephaniah warned of the “Day of the Lord” when God’s judgment would fall on all nations, but also promised restoration for the remnant of Israel (Zephaniah 3:9-20).
14. Ezekiel Jeconiah and Zedekiah Judah (During Babylonian captivity) While Judah was in Babylonian exile Ezekiel’s prophecies emphasized God’s glory, the need for personal responsibility, and the eventual restoration of Israel (Ezekiel 37:1-14). He famously prophesied the vision of the valley of dry bones, symbolizing Israel’s future revival.
15. Daniel Jehoiakim, Jeconiah, and Zedekiah Judah (During Babylonian captivity) While Judah was in Babylonian exile Daniel’s visions and interpretation of dreams revealed God’s sovereign rule over nations and history, including prophecies of future empires and the coming of the Messiah (Daniel 2:44, Daniel 7:13-14).
16. Haggai Governor Zerubbabel Judah (Those who returned from exile in Babylon) After Judah returned from Babylonian captivity Haggai encouraged the returned exiles to rebuild the temple and emphasized that God’s blessing would follow their obedience (Haggai 1:7-15).
17. Zechariah Governor Zerubbabel Judah (Those who returned from exile in Babylon) After Judah returned from Babylonian captivity Zechariah’s prophecies pointed to the coming Messiah, the restoration of Jerusalem, and God’s future victory over the nations (Zechariah 9:9, Zechariah 14:9).
18. Malachi Governor Nehemiah Judah (Those who returned from exile in Babylon) After Judah returned from Babylonian captivity Malachi’s message focused on the need for spiritual renewal and the coming of the “Messenger” who would prepare the way for the Lord (Malachi 3:1-5).
In addition to the major prophets listed above, several other prophets appear throughout Scripture, sometimes with less detailed accounts of their ministries. They often carried messages of both judgment and hope, emphasizing the importance of repentance and faithfulness to God.
ADDITIONAL PROPHETS AND THEIR THEOLOGICAL IMPACT
No. Name King Who Ruled During His Time Spiritual Standing Bible Reference Theological Insights
1. Moses Israel in Egypt and the Wilderness TRUE Exodus, Leviticus, Deuteronomy, Numbers Moses was the foundational prophet of Israel, delivering God’s law and establishing the covenant between God and Israel. His leadership was marked by God’s miraculous interventions and direct communication with God.
2. Micaiah Ahab TRUE 1 Kings 22:13 Micaiah stood as a solitary voice of truth in the face of 400 false prophets, showing that God’s word is not swayed by popular opinion but is always true.
3. Ahijah Jeroboam TRUE 1 Kings 1:45 Ahijah’s prophecy to Jeroboam warned him of the consequences of idolatry, emphasizing God’s sovereignty and His judgment on disobedience (1 Kings 14:7-11).
4. Nathan Saul TRUE 2 Samuel 7:2 Nathan played a key role in confronting King David about his sin with Bathsheba and prophesied the eternal covenant with David’s line (2 Samuel 7:12-16).
5. Hananiah Jeconiah and Zedekiah FALSE Jeremiah 28:15-17 Hananiah falsely prophesied peace for Judah, but was ultimately proven wrong. This highlights the danger of false prophecy and the need for discernment in hearing God’s voice.
6. Balaam Israel in the Wilderness FALSE (Sorcerer) Joshua 13:22 Though a non-Israelite prophet, Balaam’s story demonstrates the truth of God’s sovereignty, as he was compelled to bless Israel despite his own desires (Numbers 22-24).
7. Bar-Jesus Early Church Period FALSE (Sorcerer) Acts 13:9 Bar-Jesus was a false prophet who opposed the gospel message of Paul and Barnabas, highlighting the struggle between truth
Proverbs 11:17 (NKJV): The merciful man does good for his own soul,But he who is cruel troubles his own flesh.”
Proverbs 11:17 (NKJV):
The merciful man does good for his own soul,But he who is cruel troubles his own flesh.”
This proverb teaches a profound spiritual truth: mercy not only blesses others, but also enriches the one who shows it. In biblical theology, mercy is more than just being nice—it reflects the very nature of God.
1. The Character of the Merciful Person The Hebrew word translated as “merciful” (chesed) implies loyalty, kindness, and compassion. A merciful person is forgiving, patient, and slow to anger—traits that mirror God’s own nature (Exodus 34:6).
By showing mercy, such a person aligns with the heart of God and cultivates a life of emotional and spiritual well-being. Jesus affirmed this in:
Matthew 5:7 (NKJV): “Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy.”
This promise shows that God responds to our mercy with His own divine mercy—both in this life and in eternity.
2. The Spiritual Law of Reciprocity Mercy sets in motion a spiritual law: what we give is what we receive. Jesus highlights this principle in:
Luke 6:38 (NKJV): “Give, and it will be given to you: good measure, pressed down, shaken together, and running over will be put into your bosom. For with the same measure that you use, it will be measured back to you.”
This isn’t limited to material giving—it includes kindness, forgiveness, and grace. The merciful man is, in a sense, investing in his own spiritual health and favor with God and man.
3. The Destruction of Cruelty In contrast, the one who is cruel or harsh brings suffering upon himself. The phrase “troubles his own flesh” can refer both to physical consequences (such as stress, conflict, or even violence) and to spiritual damage—separation from God’s peace.
This aligns with the biblical principle of reaping what one sows:
Galatians 6:7 (NKJV): “Do not be deceived, God is not mocked; for whatever a man sows, that he will also reap.”
Cruelty breeds more cruelty, invites judgment, and leads to isolation.
Even Jesus warned of divine justice:
Matthew 26:52 (NKJV): “Put your sword in its place, for all who take the sword will perish by the sword.”
This principle reflects God’s justice—unrepentant harshness will eventually return upon the one who deals it.
4. A Call to Reflect God’s Mercy Scripture constantly reminds believers to imitate God’s mercy:
Ephesians 4:32 (NKJV): “And be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, even as God in Christ forgave you.”
Conclusion Proverbs 11:17 challenges us to consider how we treat others—not just for their sake, but for our own spiritual and emotional well-being. A life marked by mercy brings peace, favor, and eternal reward. A life marked by cruelty brings pain, judgment, and separation from God’s presence.
So, choose mercy—not only because it helps others, but because it honors God and nurtures your own soul.
May the Lord bless you as you walk in His mercy and grace.
QUESTION: What does Proverbs 20:11 mean when it says, “Even a child is known by his deeds, whether his work is pure and right”?
ANSWER: The writer of Proverbs is teaching us an important truth about human character—it’s not something that remains hidden with age. Our actions reveal who we truly are, even at an early age. As Proverbs 20:11 (ESV) says: “Even a child makes himself known by his acts, by whether his conduct is pure and upright.”
This verse highlights that a person’s character, whether good or bad, becomes evident early in life. From the very beginning, a child’s behavior reveals aspects of their inner nature. While children may not have fully matured in understanding or reasoning, the inclinations of their hearts are already evident through their actions. A child who shows kindness, honesty, or love for learning is already displaying qualities that can be cultivated. Conversely, a child who lies, is selfish, or displays signs of aggression reveals a deeper condition of the heart that requires attention.
In this light, the verse teaches parents and guardians to observe and guide children in the right direction early on. Proverbs 22:6 (ESV) reinforces this idea: “Train up a child in the way he should go; even when he is old he will not depart from it.” Proper guidance and training in the early years set the foundation for lifelong habits and values.
The verse also suggests that parents should not assume that negative behaviors will automatically disappear with age. For instance, if a child engages in dishonesty or selfishness, don’t simply dismiss it as “childish” behavior. Instead, correct these behaviors early, as they may become deeply ingrained over time. Proverbs 29:15 (ESV) states: “The rod and reproof give wisdom, but a child left to himself brings shame to his mother.” It is a parental responsibility to guide the child in wisdom and righteousness, shaping them into godly individuals.
Theological Reflection:
Theologically, this passage reflects the biblical understanding of human nature. From a young age, we are born with a sinful nature, as stated in Psalm 51:5 (ESV): “Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me.” The heart of man, from childhood, is naturally inclined to sin (Jeremiah 17:9). However, the grace of God works in the lives of believers to transform this nature. Through the power of the Holy Spirit, and as a result of spiritual training, children can grow to reflect God’s righteousness in their lives.
This is why the training of children is not just about correcting bad behaviors, but also about imparting a knowledge of God’s truth. As Ephesians 6:4 (ESV) instructs: “Fathers, do not provoke your children to anger, but bring them up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord.” Children must be taught the ways of the Lord so that they grow in wisdom and understanding. This involves not just correcting their wrong behaviors but also fostering a love for God’s Word and His ways.
In the same way that a child’s actions reflect their heart, the actions of Christians reflect their spiritual state. After salvation, the fruits of the Spirit begin to manifest in the believer’s life, even if they are spiritually immature. In 2 Corinthians 5:17 (ESV), Paul declares: “Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation. The old has passed away; behold, the new has come.” The moment someone comes to Christ, their spiritual gifts begin to emerge. This is confirmed by Paul in 1 Corinthians 12:7 (ESV): “To each is given the manifestation of the Spirit for the common good.” These gifts and callings are not waiting to be fully matured; they begin to work as soon as the believer is saved.
The Role of Parents in Spiritual Development:
The responsibility of parents goes beyond simply providing for their child’s physical needs; they are also called to nurture the spiritual growth of their children. Deuteronomy 6:6-7 (ESV) emphasizes this: “And these words that I command you today shall be on your heart. You shall teach them diligently to your children, and shall talk of them when you sit in your house, and when you walk by the way, and when you lie down, and when you rise.” Parents must consistently model a Christ-centered life, teaching their children the Scriptures, and guiding them in the ways of the Lord.
Just as a child’s physical behavior can be molded, so can their spiritual life. The habits and patterns they form early on—whether in prayer, Bible reading, or worship—will shape their spiritual walk as they grow. Proverbs 4:23 (ESV) states: “Keep your heart with all vigilance, for from it flow the springs of life.” This underscores the importance of guarding the heart from a young age and instilling godly values that will remain throughout life.
Spiritual Gifts and Maturity:
Even in the spiritual realm, children or new believers show signs of their gifts early on. 1 Timothy 4:12 (ESV) encourages young believers: “Let no one despise you for your youth, but set the believers an example in speech, in conduct, in love, in faith, in purity.” God has given each believer spiritual gifts that are evident as soon as they come to faith. These gifts, such as evangelism, teaching, prophecy, and worship, begin to emerge in their lives, sometimes in ways that may be surprising.
For example, a new believer with the gift of evangelism might feel an intense desire to share the gospel, even though they are new in their faith. Likewise, a new believer with the gift of prophecy might experience visions or dreams from God, as described in Joel 2:28 (ESV): “And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh; your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, and your young men shall see visions.”
As these spiritual gifts emerge, it is important to encourage and guide new believers in their use, just as we would guide children in their growth. These gifts are not a result of maturity alone but of God’s grace and the work of the Holy Spirit.
Conclusion:
When a child or a new believer comes to faith, their gifts and tendencies become evident. It is the responsibility of parents, mentors, and the church to nurture and guide them toward spiritual maturity. Proverbs 20:11 teaches us that early behaviors—whether good or bad—are a reflection of a deeper reality within. Just as parents correct and encourage good behavior in children, so too should believers cultivate the spiritual gifts and fruit of the Spirit in their own lives.
May the Lord bless you and guide you in nurturing the gifts He has placed in you and your children.
Excluding the first three kings from the early books of the Bible—Saul, David, and Solomon—there were nineteen kings who ruled over the northern kingdom of Israel after the united monarchy split (1 Kings 12). Unlike Judah, which had queens who ruled at times, Israel never had a queen reigning as king.
Among these nineteen kings, none were entirely faithful or righteous before God. The Bible consistently describes them as doing evil in the sight of the Lord (a recurring phrase in 1 and 2 Kings), failing to lead the people in covenantal obedience. The sole exception was King Jehu, who “did what was right in the eyes of the Lord” to some extent (2 Kings 10:30, ESV), although even he did not fully abandon the sins of Jeroboam, the founder of the northern kingdom’s idolatrous practices (1 Kings 12:26-33).
Summary of the Kings of Israel
Name Years Reigned Character of Reign Biblical Reference
1. Jeroboam 22 Evil – established golden calves, leading Israel into idolatry 1 Kings 12:25-33; 2 Kings 17:21 2. Nadab 2 Evil – continued Jeroboam’s sins 1 Kings 15:25-31 3. Baasha 24 Evil – utterly destroyed Jeroboam’s house but did not turn from evil 1 Kings 15:33-16:7 4. Ela 2 Evil – followed Baasha’s evil path 1 Kings 16:8-14 5. Zimri 7 days Evil – reigned only briefly, notorious for wickedness 1 Kings 16:15-20 6. Omri 12 Evil – more evil than all before him, established Samaria as capital 1 Kings 16:21-27 7. Ahab 22 Evil – married Jezebel, promoted Baal worship, opposed Elijah 1 Kings 16:29-33; 18:16-40 8. Ahaziah 2 Evil – followed Ahab’s sinful ways 1 Kings 22:51-53 9. Joram 12 Evil – walked in the ways of Ahab 2 Kings 1:17; 3:1-3 10. Jehu 28 Mixed – zealously destroyed Baal worship but failed to remove Jeroboam’s golden calves 2 Kings 9:30; 10:30-36 11. Jehoahaz 17 Evil – did evil, Israel suffered oppression 2 Kings 13:1-9 12. Jehoash 16 Evil – did evil but had moments of repentance 2 Kings 13:10-25 13. Jeroboam II 41 Evil – restored some borders but did not depart from sin 2 Kings 14:23-29 14. Zechariah 6 Evil – continued in sin 2 Kings 15:8-12 15. Shallum 1 month Evil – assassinated predecessor, ruled briefly 2 Kings 15:13-16 16. Menahem 10 Evil – oppressed people, paid tribute to Assyria 2 Kings 15:17-22 17. Pekahiah 2 Evil – followed in his father’s footsteps 2 Kings 15:23-26 18. Pekah 20 Evil – led Israel into alliance and conflict with Assyria 2 Kings 15:27-31 19. Hoshea 9 Evil – last king, reigned during Assyrian conquest 2 Kings 17:1-6
1. Jeroboam 22 Evil – established golden calves, leading Israel into idolatry 1 Kings 12:25-33; 2 Kings 17:21
2. Nadab 2 Evil – continued Jeroboam’s sins 1 Kings 15:25-31
3. Baasha 24 Evil – utterly destroyed Jeroboam’s house but did not turn from evil 1 Kings 15:33-16:7
4. Ela 2 Evil – followed Baasha’s evil path 1 Kings 16:8-14
5. Zimri 7 days Evil – reigned only briefly, notorious for wickedness 1 Kings 16:15-20
6. Omri 12 Evil – more evil than all before him, established Samaria as capital 1 Kings 16:21-27
7. Ahab 22 Evil – married Jezebel, promoted Baal worship, opposed Elijah 1 Kings 16:29-33; 18:16-40
8. Ahaziah 2 Evil – followed Ahab’s sinful ways 1 Kings 22:51-53
9. Joram 12 Evil – walked in the ways of Ahab 2 Kings 1:17; 3:1-3
10. Jehu 28 Mixed – zealously destroyed Baal worship but failed to remove Jeroboam’s golden calves 2 Kings 9:30; 10:30-36
11. Jehoahaz 17 Evil – did evil, Israel suffered oppression 2 Kings 13:1-9
12. Jehoash 16 Evil – did evil but had moments of repentance 2 Kings 13:10-25
13. Jeroboam II 41 Evil – restored some borders but did not depart from sin 2 Kings 14:23-29
14. Zechariah 6 Evil – continued in sin 2 Kings 15:8-12
15. Shallum 1 month Evil – assassinated predecessor, ruled briefly 2 Kings 15:13-16
16. Menahem 10 Evil – oppressed people, paid tribute to Assyria 2 Kings 15:17-22
17. Pekahiah 2 Evil – followed in his father’s footsteps 2 Kings 15:23-26
18. Pekah 20 Evil – led Israel into alliance and conflict with Assyria 2 Kings 15:27-31
19. Hoshea 9 Evil – last king, reigned during Assyrian conquest 2 Kings 17:1-6
Theological Reflections:
The reigns of Israel’s kings demonstrate the consequences of rejecting God’s covenant and following idolatry. Jeroboam’s establishment of golden calves at Bethel and Dan (1 Kings 12:28-30) symbolized a clear rejection of the centralized worship of Yahweh in Jerusalem, a sin that plagued Israel’s kings and people throughout their history.
Despite occasional reforms, none fully restored covenant faithfulness, unlike some kings of Judah such as Hezekiah or Josiah. Israel’s persistent sin eventually led to its destruction and exile by the Assyrians (2 Kings 17), fulfilling the warnings given through the prophets.
Jehu’s reign illustrates that even partial obedience is insufficient for full restoration. His violent purge of Baal worshippers was commendable but incomplete, as he tolerated the idolatrous calves (2 Kings 10:29-31).
This historical and theological narrative underscores God’s holiness and the necessity of wholehearted faithfulness. The kings of Israel serve as a sober reminder of the dangers of syncretism, political expediency, and spiritual compromise.
A total of 19 kings and 1 queen ruled the Kingdom of Judah, bringing the total number of rulers to 20 in the history of Judah. These rulers were either faithful to God or fell into sin, reflecting the nation’s spiritual journey.
Out of these 19 kings:
7 were considered good, in the eyes of God.
12 were deemed to have done evil.
The one queen who ruled, Athaliah, also did evil.
This illustrates the contrast in leadership within Judah, where some leaders honored God’s commands, while others led the people astray.
Summary of Rulers and Their Reigns
No. Name Gender Reign Duration Actions References 1 Rehoboam M 17 years Evil 1 Kings 11:42 – “He did evil because he did not set his heart on seeking the LORD.” 2 Abijah M 3 years Evil 1 Kings 14:31-15:8 – “He committed all the sins his father had done before him” 3 Asa M 41 years Good 1 Kings 15:8-24 – “Asa did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, as his father David had done.” 4 Jehoshaphat M 25 years Good 1 Kings 22:41-51 – “Jehoshaphat sought the LORD with all his heart.” 5 Jehoram M 8 years Evil 2 Kings 8:16-24 – “He did evil in the eyes of the LORD” 6 Ahaziah M 1 year Evil 2 Kings 8:24-29 – “He too did evil in the eyes of the LORD” 7 Athaliah F 6 years Evil 2 Kings 8:26, 11:1-20 – “She did evil in the eyes of the LORD, following the ways of Ahab.” 8 Joash M 40 years Good 2 Kings 11:21, 12:1-21 – “Joash did what was right in the eyes of the LORD all the years of Jehoiada the priest.” 9 Amaziah M 29 years Good 2 Kings 14:1-22 – “Amaziah did what was right, but not wholeheartedly.” 10 Uzziah M 52 years Good at first, then Evil 2 Kings 15:1-7 – “Uzziah did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, as long as he sought the LORD, God gave him success.” 11 Jotham M 16 years Good 2 Kings 15:32-38 – “Jotham did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, just as his father Uzziah had done.” 12 Ahaz M 16 years Evil 2 Kings 15:38-16:20 – “Ahaz did not do what was right in the eyes of the LORD” 13 Hezekiah M 29 years Good 2 Kings 18:1-20 – “Hezekiah did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, just as his father David had done.” 14 Manasseh M 55 years Evil 2 Kings 21:1-18 – “Manasseh did evil in the eyes of the LORD, provoking him to anger.” 15 Amon M 2 years Evil 2 Kings 21:18-26 – “Amon did evil in the eyes of the LORD, as his father Manasseh had done.” 16 Josiah M 31 years Good 2 Kings 21:26-23:30 – “Josiah did what was right in the eyes of the LORD and followed the ways of his ancestor David.” 17 Jehoahaz M 3 months Evil 2 Kings 23:30-34 – “He did evil in the eyes of the LORD.” 18 Jehoiakim M 11 years Evil 2 Kings 23:34-24:6 – “Jehoiakim did evil in the eyes of the LORD.” 19 Jeconiah / Jehoiachin M 3 months Evil 2 Kings 24:6-17 – “He did evil in the eyes of the LORD.” 20 Zedekiah M 11 years Evil 2 Kings 24:17-25:30 – “Zedekiah did evil in the eyes of the LORD.”
No. Name Gender Reign Duration Actions References
1 Rehoboam M 17 years Evil 1 Kings 11:42 – “He did evil because he did not set his heart on seeking the LORD.”
2 Abijah M 3 years Evil 1 Kings 14:31-15:8 – “He committed all the sins his father had done before him”
3 Asa M 41 years Good 1 Kings 15:8-24 – “Asa did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, as his father David had done.”
4 Jehoshaphat M 25 years Good 1 Kings 22:41-51 – “Jehoshaphat sought the LORD with all his heart.”
5 Jehoram M 8 years Evil 2 Kings 8:16-24 – “He did evil in the eyes of the LORD”
6 Ahaziah M 1 year Evil 2 Kings 8:24-29 – “He too did evil in the eyes of the LORD”
7 Athaliah F 6 years Evil 2 Kings 8:26, 11:1-20 – “She did evil in the eyes of the LORD, following the ways of Ahab.”
8 Joash M 40 years Good 2 Kings 11:21, 12:1-21 – “Joash did what was right in the eyes of the LORD all the years of Jehoiada the priest.”
9 Amaziah M 29 years Good 2 Kings 14:1-22 – “Amaziah did what was right, but not wholeheartedly.”
10 Uzziah M 52 years Good at first, then Evil 2 Kings 15:1-7 – “Uzziah did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, as long as he sought the LORD, God gave him success.”
11 Jotham M 16 years Good 2 Kings 15:32-38 – “Jotham did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, just as his father Uzziah had done.”
12 Ahaz M 16 years Evil 2 Kings 15:38-16:20 – “Ahaz did not do what was right in the eyes of the LORD”
13 Hezekiah M 29 years Good 2 Kings 18:1-20 – “Hezekiah did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, just as his father David had done.”
14 Manasseh M 55 years Evil 2 Kings 21:1-18 – “Manasseh did evil in the eyes of the LORD, provoking him to anger.”
15 Amon M 2 years Evil 2 Kings 21:18-26 – “Amon did evil in the eyes of the LORD, as his father Manasseh had done.”
16 Josiah M 31 years Good 2 Kings 21:26-23:30 – “Josiah did what was right in the eyes of the LORD and followed the ways of his ancestor David.”
17 Jehoahaz M 3 months Evil 2 Kings 23:30-34 – “He did evil in the eyes of the LORD.”
18 Jehoiakim M 11 years Evil 2 Kings 23:34-24:6 – “Jehoiakim did evil in the eyes of the LORD.”
19 Jeconiah / Jehoiachin M 3 months Evil 2 Kings 24:6-17 – “He did evil in the eyes of the LORD.”
20 Zedekiah M 11 years Evil 2 Kings 24:17-25:30 – “Zedekiah did evil in the eyes of the LORD.”
Theological Reflection
The history of Judah’s kings reflects a constant spiritual battle between obedience to God and rebellion. The cycle of faithfulness and apostasy is a key theme in the Old Testament, particularly in the lives of these rulers.
Good Kings: Rulers like Asa, Jehoshaphat, and Hezekiah are highlighted for their faithfulness to God. They led reformations, rid the land of idols, and sought God in times of distress. In doing so, they brought peace and prosperity to the land, as seen in 2 Chronicles 14:2-5 (Asa) and 2 Kings 18:5-7 (Hezekiah). Their reigns remind us of the importance of seeking God with all our hearts.
Evil Kings: On the other hand, kings like Manasseh and Ahaz led the people into sin and idolatry, turning their backs on the commandments of God. Manasseh’s reign, in particular, is a powerful reminder of the consequences of sin (2 Kings 21:10-15). Yet, Manasseh also experienced God’s grace when he repented, showing that God’s mercy is available even to the most wicked (2 Chronicles 33:10-20).
The Role of the Queen: Athaliah, who reigned after her son Ahaziah’s death, was an anomaly as a queen in the Hebrew monarchy. Her reign marked a period of apostasy, as she attempted to destroy the Davidic line. Her actions were condemned, and her demise is recounted in 2 Kings 11:1-20, where God preserved the royal line through Joash, her grandson.
Key Themes in Judah’s Royal History
Obedience and Reformation: Kings like Hezekiah and Josiah represent the blessings of obedience to God’s covenant and the importance of spiritual renewal in the life of a nation.
Judgment for Idolatry: Many kings were judged for leading the people into idolatry and failing to remove high places and idols (e.g., Ahab, Manasseh, Ahaz).
God’s Sovereignty: Even in the midst of wickedness, God’s plan for Judah continued. For example, Jeconiah’s reign ended in exile, but Jeremiah prophesied that the Davidic line would one day be restored (Jeremiah 33:17-18).
Feel free to share this deeper reflection with others as well!